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PHP把导入和导出CSV文件到mysql数据库方法

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:09 AM
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因为工作需要我们需要把mysql中的数据导出成csv文件,然后由商家提供的数据我们再要利用php导入csv文件到mysql数据库,下面我来给大家介绍PHP把导入和导出CSV文件到mysql数据库程序代码,有需要了解的朋友可参考。


下面只是一个简单的实例

我们先准备mysql数据表,假设项目中有一张记录学生信息的表student,并有id,name,sex,age分别记录学生的姓名、性别、年龄等信息。

 代码如下 复制代码

CREATE TABLE `student` ( 
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, 
  `name` varchar(50) NOT NULL, 
  `sex` varchar(10) NOT NULL, 
  `age` smallint(3) NOT NULL default '0', 
  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`) 
) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 

我们还需要一个html交互页面,放置导入表单和导出按钮。

 代码如下 复制代码

 
    

请选择要导入的CSV文件:
      class="btn" value="导入CSV"> 
         action=export'">

 
 

选择好本地csv文件后,点击导入,提交到do.php?action=import处理,而点击导出按钮则请求地址do.php?action=export进行数据导出处理。

1.导入CSV

do.php需要根据get过来的参数,分别处理导入和导出过程,php结构如下:

include_once ("connect.php"); //连接数据库 
 

 代码如下 复制代码
$action = $_GET['action']; 
if ($action == 'import') { //导入CSV 
   //导入处理 
} elseif ($action=='export') { //导出CSV 
   //导出处理 

导入CSV处理流程:校验csv文件合法性(本文忽略)->打开读入并解析csv文件中的字段->循环获取各字段值->批量添加到数据表中->完成。

 代码如下 复制代码

if ($action == 'import') { //导入CSV 
    $filename = $_FILES['file']['tmp_name']; 
    if (empty ($filename)) { 
        echo '请选择要导入的CSV文件!'; 
        exit; 
    } 
    $handle = fopen($filename, 'r'); 
    $result = input_csv($handle); //解析csv 
    $len_result = count($result); 
    if($len_result==0){ 
        echo '没有任何数据!'; 
        exit; 
    } 
    for ($i = 1; $i          $name = iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $result[$i][0]); //中文转码 
        $sex = iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $result[$i][1]); 
        $age = $result[$i][2]; 
        $data_values .= "('$name','$sex','$age'),"; 
    } 
    $data_values = substr($data_values,0,-1); //去掉最后一个逗号 
    fclose($handle); //关闭指针 
    $query = mysql_query("insert into student (name,sex,age) values $data_values");//批量插入数据表中 
    if($query){ 
        echo '导入成功!'; 
    }else{ 
        echo '导入失败!'; 
    } 

注意php自带的fgetcsv函数可以轻松处理csv,使用该函数可以从文件指针中读入一行并解析CSV字段。下面的函数将csv文件字段解析并以数组的形式返回。

 代码如下 复制代码

function input_csv($handle) { 
    $out = array (); 
    $n = 0; 
    while ($data = fgetcsv($handle, 10000)) { 
        $num = count($data); 
        for ($i = 0; $i              $out[$n][$i] = $data[$i]; 
        } 
        $n++; 
    } 
    return $out; 

此外在导入到数据库中时,我们采用的是批量插入而不是一条条插入的,因此在构建SQL语句时,要稍作处理,见代码。

2.导出CSV

我们知道csv文件是由逗号分割符组成的纯文本文件,你可以用excel打开,效果跟xls表个一样。

导出CSV处理流程:读取学生信息表->循环记录构建逗号分隔的字段信息->设置header信息->导出文件(下载)到本地

 代码如下 复制代码

... 
} elseif ($action=='export') { //导出CSV 
    $result = mysql_query("select * from student order by id asc"); 
    $str = "姓名,性别,年龄n"; 
    $str = iconv('utf-8','gb2312',$str); 
    while($row=mysql_fetch_array($result)){ 
        $name = iconv('utf-8','gb2312',$row['name']); //中文转码 
        $sex = iconv('utf-8','gb2312',$row['sex']); 
        $str .= $name.",".$sex.",".$row['age']."n"; //用引文逗号分开 
    } 
    $filename = date('Ymd').'.csv'; //设置文件名 
    export_csv($filename,$str); //导出 

要将数据导出到本地即下在,需要修改header信息,代码如下:

 代码如下 复制代码

function export_csv($filename,$data) { 
    header("Content-type:text/csv"); 
    header("Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=".$filename); 
    header('Cache-Control:must-revalidate,post-check=0,pre-check=0'); 
    header('Expires:0'); 
    header('Pragma:public'); 
    echo $data; 

注意导入和导出的过程中,因为我们使用的是统一UTF-8编码,遇到中文字符一定要记得转码,否则可能会出现中文乱码的情况。

PHP把导入和导出CSV文件下载:http://file.bKjia.c0m/download/2013/05/15/importCSV.rar

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