APACHE(2)

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:13 AM
apache httpd Can start up exist Serve program

第二章
启动阿帕奇
2.1 启动阿帕奇
httpd 这支程序可以藉由网际网路服务程序 inetd 在每一次有连线要
进入 HTTP 服务的时候启动,或者另一种方式,它也可以作为服务程序
(daemon)持续地执行,处理请求。无论选择哪一种方式,都必须设定这
个 ServerType 指令告诉服务器它要如何执行。
2.2 命令列选项
下列选项可以用在 httpd 的命令列上:
-d serverroot
把 ServerRoot 这个参数的起始值设定为 serverroot 。这可以
藉由在配置文件里面的 ServerRoot 命令来加以改变。此预设为
/usr/local/etc/httpd 。
-f config
启动时执行在 config 文件里面的指令。如果 config 没有以 /
作为开始的话,那麽它会被当作相对於 ServerRoot 的路径。此
预设值是 conf/httpd.conf 。
-X
以单一程序(single-process)模式执行,只用在内部除错;服务
程序不会脱离终端作业或是产生任何子程序。不要使用这个模式
来提供正常的网页服务。
-v
列印 httpd 的版本,然後结束。
-?
列印 httpd 选项的一份列表,然後结束。
2.3 配置档
此服务器将会读取三个配置指令文件。任何指令都可以出现在这些文件
任何一个里面。这些文件的名称是相对於服务器的根目录(server root) ;
这是根是藉由 ServerRoot 指令,或是 -d 这个命令列旗标所指定的。
依惯例这些文件是:
conf/httpd.conf
包含控制服务程序运作的指令。文件名称可以配合 -f 命令列旗
旗标加以改变。
conf/srm.conf
包含控制服务器提供给客户端之文件规格的指令。文件名称可以
配合 ResourceConfig 指令加以改变。
conf/access.conf
包含控制文件之存取的指令。文件名称可以配合 AccessConfig
指令加以改变。
无论如何,这些惯例并不需要完全遵奉。
此服务器也会读取一个包含 MIME 文件型态的文件;这个文件名称藉由
TypesConfig 指令设定,而且有个 conf/mini.types 作为预设。
2.4 记录档
2.4.1 pid 档
服务程序启动时,它把父程序 httpd 的程序码(process id)存往这个
log/httpd.pid 文件。这个文件名称可以配合 PidFile 指令加以改变
。这个程序码由管理者用来重新启动或终止服务程序;一个 HUP 信号
会使服务程序重新读取其配置档而一个 TERM 信号会使它终止。

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