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php文件目录操作实现程序(1/2)

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:14 AM
fopen php r function exist accomplish right operate document Table of contents program

在php中对文件或目录操作都有特定的函数,如fopen,rdir,filesize,opendir,readdir,fcolse,fread等都是文件和目录操作函数。

二、目录操作

首先介绍的是一个从目录读取的函数,opendir(),readdir(),closedir(),使用的时候是先打开文件句柄,而后迭代列出:

 代码如下 复制代码

$base_dir = "filelist/";
$fso = opendir($base_dir);
echo $base_dir."


" ;
while($flist=readdir($fso)){
echo $flist."
" ;
}
closedir($fso)
?>

这是讲返回文件目录下面的文件已经目录的程序(0文件将返回false).

有时候需要知道目录的信息,可以使用dirname($path)和basename($path),分别返回路径的目录部分和文件名名称部分,可用disk_free_space($path)返回看空间空余空间.

创建命令:

 代码如下 复制代码

mkdir($path,0777)

,0777是权限码,在非window下可用umask()函数设置.

 代码如下 复制代码

rmdir($path)

将删除路径在$path的文件.

dir -- directory 类也是操作文件目录的重要类,有3个方法,read,rewind,close,这是一个仿面向对象的类,它先使用的是打开文件句柄,然后用指针的方式读取的.,这里看php手册:

 代码如下 复制代码

$d = dir("/etc/php5");
echo "Handle: " . $d->handle . "n";
echo "Path: " . $d->path . "n";
while (false !== ($entry = $d->read())) {
echo $entry."n";
}
$d->close();
?>

输出:

Handle: Resource id #2
Path: /etc/php5
.
..
apache
cgi
cli

文件的属性也非常重要,文件属性包括创建时间,最后修改时间,所有者,文件组,类型,大小等.

下面我们重点谈文件操作.


三、文件操作

● 读文件

首先是一个文件看能不能读取(权限问题),或者存在不,我们可以用is_readable函数获取信息.:

 代码如下 复制代码

$file = 'dirlist.php';
if (is_readable($file) == false) {
die('文件不存在或者无法读取');
} else {
echo '存在';
}
?>

判断文件存在的函数还有file_exists(下面演示),但是这个显然无is_readable全面.,当一个文件存在的话可以用

 代码如下 复制代码

$file = "filelist.php";
if (file_exists($file) == false) {
die('文件不存在');
}
$data = file_get_contents($file);
echo htmlentities($data);
?>

但是file_get_contents函数在较低版本上不支持,可以先创建文件的一个句柄,然后用指针读取全部:

 代码如下 复制代码

$fso = fopen($cacheFile, 'r');
$data = fread($fso, filesize($cacheFile));
fclose($fso);

还有一种方式,可以读取二进制的文件:

 代码如下 复制代码

$data = implode('', file($file));

● 写文件

和读取文件的方式一样,先看看是不是能写:

 代码如下 复制代码

$file = 'dirlist.php';
if (is_writable($file) == false) {
die("我是鸡毛,我不能");
}
?>

能写了的话可以使用file_put_contents函数写入:

 代码如下 复制代码

$file = 'dirlist.php';
if (is_writable($file) == false) {
die('我是鸡毛,我不能');
}
$data = '我是可鄙,我想要';
file_put_contents ($file, $data);
?>

file_put_contents函数在php5中新引进的函数(不知道存在的话用function_exists函数先判断一下)低版本的php无法使用,可以使用如下方式:

 代码如下 复制代码

$f = fopen($file, 'w');
fwrite($f, $data);
fclose($f);

替换之.

写文件的时候有时候需要锁定,然后写:

 代码如下 复制代码

function cache_page($pageurl,$pagedata){
if(!$fso=fopen($pageurl,'w')){
$this->warns('无法打开缓存文件.');//trigger_error
return false;
}
if(!flock($fso,LOCK_EX)){//LOCK_NB,排它型锁定
$this->warns('无法锁定缓存文件.');//trigger_error
return false;
}
if(!fwrite($fso,$pagedata)){//写入字节流,serialize写入其他格式
$this->warns('无法写入缓存文件.');//trigger_error
return false;
}
flock($fso,LOCK_UN);//释放锁定
fclose($fso);
return true;
}

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