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php中数据类型强制转换

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:14 AM
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PHP是一门松散类型的语言,不必对使用的变量做专门的定义,这给程序的编写带来很大的灵活与方便。但我们在程序编写过程中,需要知道自己使用的变量是哪种类型的,因为变量始终有一种类型与之对应。尽管各类型之间几乎可以做自由的转换,如果随意使用或者转化变量类型,可能导致一些潜在的错误

PHP 中的类型强制转换和 C 中的非常像:在要转换的变量之前加上用括号括起来的目标类型:

 代码如下 复制代码

$foo = 10;  // $foo 为整型
$bar = (boolean) $foo; // $bar 为布尔型
?>


类型转换
PHP 在变量定义中不需要(或不支持)明确的类型定义;变量类型是根据使用该变量的上下文所决定的。也就是说,如果把一个字符串值赋给变量 var,var 就成了一个字符串。如果又把一个整型值赋给 var,那它就成了一个整数。

PHP 的自动类型转换的一个例子是加号“+”。如果任何一个操作数是浮点数,则所有的操作数都被当成浮点数,结果也是浮点数。否则操作数会被解释为整数,结果也是整数。注意这并没有改变这些操作数本身的类型;改变的仅是这些操作数如何被求值以及表达式本身的类型。

类型强制转换
PHP 中的类型强制转换和 C 中的非常像:在要转换的变量之前加上用括号括起来的目标类型:

 代码如下 复制代码
$foo = 10;  // $foo 为整型
$bar = (boolean) $foo; // $bar 为布尔型
?>

允许的强制转换有:

(int)或(integer) - 转换成整型
(bool)或(boolean) - 转换成布尔型
(float)或(double)或(real) - 转换成浮点型
(string) - 转换成字符串
(array) - 转换成数组
(object) - 转换成对象
另外,将一个变量还原为字符串,还可以将变量放置在双引号中:

数字换成字符转

 代码如下 复制代码

$foo = 10; // $foo 为整型
$str = "$foo"; // $str 为字符串
?>


在我们常用的字符串转换成整型有个超简单的方法

 代码如下 复制代码

$str=www.bKjia.c0m;
$int = intval($str);
这样$int=0;了哦。

当一个字符串被当作数字来求值时,根据以下规则来决定结果的类型和值:

如果包括“.”,“e”或“E”其中任何一个字符的话,字符串被当作 float 来求值,否则就被当作整数
该值由字符串最前面的部分决定。如果字符串以合法的数字数据开始,就用该数字作为其值,否则其值为 0(零)。合法数字数据由可选的正负号开始,后面跟着一个或多个数字(可选地包括十进制分数),后面跟着可选的指数。指数是一个“e”或者“E”后面跟着一个或多个数字
例子:

 代码如下 复制代码

$foo = 1 + "10.5";  // $foo为浮点型:11.5
$foo = 1 + "-1.3e3";  // $foo 为浮点型:-1299
$foo = 1 + "bob-1.3e3";  // $foo 为整型:1
$foo = 1 + "bob3";  // $foo为整型:1
$foo = 1 + "10 Small Pigs"; // $foo为整型:11
$foo = "10.0 pigs " + 1; // $foo 为浮点型:11

?>

由于php无需在数据使用时定义变量所以我们可以灵活的定义变量,同时也可以灵活的转换数据类型。

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