What is the difference between MySQLi and PDO in PHP?

MySQLi and PDO are two extensions in PHP that connect to MySQL database: Function: MySQLi: object-oriented and procedural API, only supports MySQLPDO: abstract database interface, supports multiple databases Error handling: MySQLi: Return error code PDO: Throws exception Prepared statements: MySQLi: Supported PDO: Supported Performance: MySQLi: Generally faster PDO: Better for applications that need to interact with multiple databases

MySQLi and PDO: MySQL access in PHP

In PHP, MySQLi and PDO are two common extensions for connecting to and operating MySQL databases. They both provide access to MySQL, but each has advantages and disadvantages.

MySQLi

MySQLi is an improved interface for MySQL, providing object-oriented and procedural APIs. It is faster and more stable than the old mysql_* functions.

PDO (PHP Data Object)

PDO is an abstract database interface that supports a wide range of databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and SQL Server. It provides a consistent API to access different databases.

Difference

Features	MySQLi	PDO
Object-oriented	Yes	Yes
Error handling	Exception	Exception
Prepared statements	Support	Support
Database support	MySQL only	Multiple databases
Performance	General	Faster
Compatibility	PHP 5.0 and above	PHP 5.1 and above

##Practical case

Use MySQLi to connect to the MySQL database:

// 创建 MySQLi 连接
$mysqli = new mysqli("localhost", "username", "password", "database");

// 检查连接错误
if ($mysqli->connect_error) {
    die("连接失败: " . $mysqli->connect_error);
}

// 执行查询
$result = $mysqli->query("SELECT * FROM table");

// 循环查询结果
while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
    echo $row['column'];
}

// 关闭连接
$mysqli->close();

Use PDO to connect to the MySQL database:

// 创建 PDO 连接
$dsn = 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=database';
$user = 'username';
$password = 'password';

try {
    $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);
} catch (PDOException $e) {
    die("连接失败: " . $e->getMessage());
}

// 预处理查询
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM table");

// 执行查询
$stmt->execute();

// 循环查询结果
while ($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) {
    echo $row['column'];
}

// 关闭连接
$pdo = null;

Conclusion

Both MySQLi and PDO provide methods to access the MySQL database. MySQLi is suitable for situations where you only need to interact with MySQL, while PDO is better suited for use with multiple databases. For performance-critical applications, PDO is a better choice.

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