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How to match IP address with regular expression in Go?

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Release: 2024-05-31 21:35:38
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如何在 Go 中使用正则表达式匹配 IP 地址?正则表达式语法:^(([0-9]|1-9|1[0-9]{2}|20-4|25[0-5]).){3}([0-9]|1-9|1[0-9]{2}|20-4|25[0-5])$Go 代码示例:使用 regexp.MatchString() 函数进行匹配。实战案例:使用 regexp.MustCompile() 函数从字符串中替换所有 IP 地址。

如何在 Go 中用正则表达式匹配 IP 地址?

如何在 Go 中用正则表达式匹配 IP 地址?

正则表达式是一种强大的工具,可用于在字符串中搜索和匹配模式。在 Go 中,我们可以使用 regexp 包轻松地使用正则表达式。

正则表达式语法

匹配 IP 地址的正则表达式语法如下:

^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])$
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Go 代码示例

以下代码演示了如何使用 regexp 包匹配 IP 地址:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "regexp"
)

func main() {
    ipAddress := "192.168.1.1"
    
    matched, _ := regexp.MatchString(`^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])$`, ipAddress)
    
    if matched {
        fmt.Println("IP address is valid")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("IP address is invalid")
    }
}
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实战案例

regexp 包还提供了其他有用的功能,例如替换和分组。以下代码演示了如何使用 regexp 包从字符串中替换所有 IP 地址:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "regexp"
)

func main() {
    text := "The IP address of the web server is 192.168.1.1. The database server has the IP address 10.0.0.1."
    
    // 匹配所有 IP 地址
    ips := regexp.MustCompile(`(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[0-1]{1}[0-9]{2}|[1-9]{1}[0-9]{1}|[1-9])(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[0-1]{1}[0-9]{2}|[1-9]{1}[0-9]{1}|[0-9])){3}`)
    
    // 替换所有 IP 地址
    result := ips.ReplaceAllString(text, "<REDACTED>")
    
    fmt.Println(result)
}
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输出:

The IP address of the web server is <REDACTED>. The database server has the IP address <REDACTED>.
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