Pain points and solutions in Golang concurrency management

There are pain points in concurrency management: Goroutine leaks, deadlocks, and race conditions. Solutions include: Goroutine leak detection tools (such as pprof, go-task); deadlock detection tools (such as deadlock, locksmith); use the deadlockdetector library and timeout mechanism; use concurrency safety types (such as sync.Mutex, sync.Semaphore) and correct synchronization mechanisms (such as mutex locks, read-write locks).

Pain points and solutions in Golang concurrency management

Pain point: Goroutine leakage

Goroutine leakage means that the created Goroutine cannot be Recycling causes memory to grow continuously. This is usually caused by:

• forgot to notify via wg.Done()sync.WaitGroup
• was not closed properly Channel

Solution:

Use Goroutine leak detection tool:

• [pprof](https://pkg. go.dev/net/http/pprof)
• [go-task](https://github.com/Dreamacro/go-task)

Pain Point: Deadlock

Deadlock refers to two or more Goroutines waiting for each other, causing them to be unable to continue execution. This is usually caused by:

• Control for a resource (such as a mutex)
• Loop wait

Solution:

• Use deadlock detection tool:

  • [deadlock](https://github.com/sasha-s/go-deadlock)
  • [locksmith](https://github.com/susestudio/locksmith)

• Use deadlock avoidance techniques:

  • UsedeadlockdetectorLibrary
  • Adopt timeout mechanism

##Pain point: competition conditions

Competition conditions refer to multiple Two Goroutines access shared data at the same time, resulting in data inconsistency. This is usually caused by the following reasons:

Concurrency-safe types are not used
• Synchronization mechanisms are not used correctly

Solution:

• Use concurrency-safe types:
  • sync.Mutex
  ##sync. Semaphore
  ##Use the correct synchronization mechanism:

• Mutex lock

  Read-write lock
  Practical case

The following code shows an example of deadlock in concurrency management:

import (
    "sync"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    // 创建一个互斥锁
    mutex := sync.Mutex{}

    // 创建两个Goroutine，它们都将同时尝试获取互斥锁
    for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
        go func(i int) {
            // 获取互斥锁
            mutex.Lock()
            defer mutex.Unlock()

            // 永久循环，这将导致死锁
            for {
                time.Sleep(time.Second)
            }
        }(i)
    }

    // 等待Goroutine结束
    time.Sleep(time.Second * 10)
}

In this example, both Goroutines will loop to obtain Mutex lock, then infinite loop. This will cause a deadlock since neither Goroutine can continue execution.

To avoid this deadlock, we can use the

sync.Mutex.TryLock()

method, which will return false immediately if the mutex is already locked. This will allow another Goroutine to acquire the mutex, thus avoiding deadlock.

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