Troubleshooting in C++ template programming

In C++ template programming, when type inference fails, the following method can be used to solve the problem: explicitly specify template parameters. For example: func(10); // Explicitly specify the int type Practical example: The program uses the Array template to create an integer array and manipulate the array elements, demonstrating the type safety features of the C++ template.

Troubleshooting in Template Programming in C++: Type Inference Failure

Problem:

When using C++ templates, you may encounter failures during type inference, resulting in compilation errors. For example:

template<typename T>
void func(T t) {
  // ...
}

int main() {
  func<int>(); // 类型推断失败
}

Solution:

In order to solve the type inference failure, you can use explicit template parameterization and manually specify the type parameters:

template<typename T>
void func(T t) {
  // ...
}

int main() {
  func<int>(10); // 显式指定类型参数
}

Practical case:

Consider the following program that uses an Array template to create an array of any type:

template <typename T>
struct Array {
    T* data;
    size_t size;

    Array(size_t size) : data(new T[size]), size(size) {}
    ~Array() { delete[] data; }

    T& operator[](size_t index) { return data[index]; }
};

int main() {
    Array<int> arr(10);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < arr.size; ++i) {
        arr[i] = i * i;
    }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < arr.size; ++i) {
        std::cout << arr[i] << " ";
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

This program demonstrates the type -safe behavior of C++ templates. The Array template is instantiated with the int type, creating an array of integers. The elements of the arrays can be accessed and modified using the operator[] method. The program prints the contents of the array, which are the squares of the integers from 0 to 9.

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