How to use cryptographically secure random number generator in Golang?

How to use CSPRNG to generate secure random numbers in Golang? Import the crypto/rand package. Create a byte slice to store random numbers. Use rand.Read() to generate random numbers.

How to use cryptographically secure random number generator (CSPRNG) in Golang?

In computer science, generating real Random numbers are critical to many sensitive applications, such as password generation and encryption algorithms. Golang provides a cryptographically secure random number generator (CSPRNG), which provides the powerful features necessary to generate secure random numbers.

Advantages of CSPRNG:

• Security: CSPRNG is also highly secure, based on unpredictable true randomness.
• Unpredictability: Even if the early random numbers are known, subsequent random numbers cannot be predicted.
• Non-repeatable: The generated random numbers are always different and will not repeat.

Usage:

CSPRNG in Golang can be found in the crypto/rand package. To generate secure random numbers you can use the following steps:

1. Import the crypto/rand package:

import "crypto/rand"

2. Create a byte slice to store random numbers:

b := make([]byte, 32) // 32 字节（其他长度可用）

3. Use rand.Read() to generate random numbers:

_, err := rand.Read(b)
if err != nil {
    // 处理错误
}

Practical case:

The following is a practical case that demonstrates how to use CSPRNG to generate a secure random password:

import (
    "crypto/rand"
    "encoding/base64"
)

func generatePassword(length int) (string, error) {
    b := make([]byte, length)
    _, err := rand.Read(b)
    if err != nil {
        return "", err
    }

    return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(b), nil
}

This function uses CSPRNG to generate a given length A random password, returned as a Base64-encoded string.

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