How is C++ memory management used to create custom data structures?

Memory management in C++ allows the creation of custom data structures. Dynamic memory allocation uses the new and delete operators to allocate and free memory at runtime. Custom data structures can be created using dynamic memory allocation, such as a linked list, where the Node structure stores a pointer to the next node and data. In the actual case, the linked list is created using dynamic memory allocation, stores integers and traverses the printing data, and finally releases the memory.

C++ Memory Management: Creating Custom Data Structures

In C++, memory management is the basic component of manipulating and allocating memory. . It enables developers to create and manage custom data structures to meet the needs of specific applications.

Dynamic Memory Allocation

Dynamic memory allocation allows a program to allocate and deallocate memory at runtime. In C++, we use new and delete operators to dynamically allocate and free memory.

For example, to dynamically allocate an integer array, we can use the following code:

int* myArray = new int[10]; // 分配 10 个整数的内存

Custom data structure

You can use dynamic memory allocation to Create custom data structures. For example, we can create a node structure to represent a linked list:

struct Node {
  int data;
  Node* next;
};

Then, we can use dynamic memory allocation to create and connect nodes:

Node* head = new Node; // 创建链表头
head->data = 1;
Node* second = new Node; // 创建第二个节点
second->data = 2;
head->next = second; // 将第二个节点连接到头节点

Practical case: linked list

Suppose we need to create a linked list to store a set of integers. We can use the Node structure defined above and dynamic memory allocation to create the following linked list:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

struct Node {
  int data;
  Node* next;
};

int main() {
  Node* head = new Node; // 创建链表头
  head->data = 1;
  Node* second = new Node; // 创建第二个节点
  second->data = 2;
  head->next = second;
  Node* third = new Node; // 创建第三个节点
  third->data = 3;
  second->next = third;

  // 遍历链表并打印数据
  Node* current = head;
  while (current != nullptr) {
    cout << current->data << " ";
    current = current->next;
  }
  cout << endl;

  // 释放链表中分配的内存
  while (head != nullptr) {
    Node* next = head->next;
    delete head;
    head = next;
  }

  return 0;
}

Output:

1 2 3

This program creates a linked list containing three nodes, each node stores an integer. Then iterate through the linked list and print the data in each node. Finally, the program releases the dynamically allocated memory in the linked list.

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