Golang framework logging and monitoring common issues and best practices

In Go applications, logging and monitoring are critical to health and observability. Best practices include choosing log levels based on importance and logging only necessary information. Use structured logging and centralized logging. Set up custom metrics and use monitoring tools like Prometheus. Set alert rules and integrate distributed tracing.

Go framework logging and monitoring common issues and best practices

In the Go framework, logging and monitoring are important to the health and observability of the application Crucial. This article focuses on common logging and monitoring issues and provides best practices to help you effectively utilize these tools in your Go applications.

Logging best practices

• Choose the appropriate log level: According to the importance of the application, select INFO, DEBUG, WARN, ERROR levels, only record Necessary logs.
• Use structured logs: Use a log library such as logrus to provide structured logs for easy parsing and filtering.
• Logging related events: In addition to error messages, request details (such as IP address, HTTP method) and stack traces are also logged.
• Centralized logging: Use a centralized logging service such as ELK Stack to collect all application logs into one place for easy analysis and search.

Monitoring Best Practices

• Set Custom Metrics: Create application-specific metrics such as number of API calls, processing time, and error rate .
• Use a monitoring tool like Prometheus: Prometheus is a popular monitoring system that supports metric collection, alerting, and data visualization.
• Set alarm rules: Establish alarm rules to send you an alert when specific conditions are triggered (such as the error rate reaching a threshold).
• Integrated distributed tracing: Distributed tracing of requests through a framework such as OpenCensus or Jaeger to understand the flow of requests in the application.

Practical case

Configure logrus for structured logging

import (
    "io"

    "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
)

func main() {
    // 创建一个带格式化程序的日志记录器
    logger := logrus.New()
    logger.Formatter = &logrus.JSONFormatter{}

    // 记录一个结构化日志记录
    logger.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
        "level": "info",
        "module": "main",
        "message": "Application started",
    }).Info("Application started successfully")

    // 将日志记录写入文件
    f, err := os.OpenFile("mylog.log", os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0644)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer f.Close()
    logger.SetOutput(io.MultiWriter(f, os.Stdout))
}

Use Prometheus to collect custom indicators

import (
    "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
    "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
    "net/http"
)

var requestCount = prometheus.NewCounter(
    prometheus.CounterOpts{
        Name: "http_requests_total",
        Help: "HTTP 请求总数",
    },
)

func main() {
    // 注册指标
    prometheus.MustRegister(requestCount)

    http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        // 增加请求计数
        requestCount.Inc()

        // 发送响应
        w.Write([]byte("Hello, world!"))
    })

    // 导出指标
    http.Handle("/metrics", promhttp.Handler())
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

The above is the detailed content of Golang framework logging and monitoring common issues and best practices. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!