Java framework choice: Spring Boot vs. Jakarta EE

Java Framework Choice: Spring Boot vs. Jakarta EE Comparison

When developing Java applications, Spring Boot and Jakarta EE are two popular s frame. Let’s compare them to help you make an informed choice:

Lightweight vs. Enterprise

• Spring Boot: Lightweight Framework , focusing on rapid development.
• Jakarta EE: An enterprise-level framework defined by the Java EE specification that provides a wide range of capabilities.

Convention over configuration

• Spring Boot: Follow the principle of convention over configuration to reduce boilerplate code.
• Jakarta EE: Annotation-based configuration, allowing finer control.

Startup time

• Spring Boot: Starts applications quickly because it is a lightweight implementation of an embedded server.
• Jakarta EE: Startup time may be longer as it is a more comprehensive framework.

Dependency Management

• Spring Boot: Use Starter dependency management to simplify dependency management.
• Jakarta EE: Dependencies must be managed manually, which can be time-consuming.

Modularity

• Jakarta EE: Based on a modular architecture, it supports loosely coupled enterprise-level applications.
• Spring Boot: Modularization is also possible, but not as extensive as Jakarta EE.

Practical case

The following is a practical case of Spring Boot and Jakarta EE:

Spring Boot example: a simple REST API

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBootApplication.class, args);
    }
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class ApiController {
    @GetMapping("/hello")
    public String helloWorld() {
        return "Hello, world!";
    }
}

Jakarta EE Example: A web application that manages protected resources

<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

    <security-constraint>
        <web-resource-collection>
            <web-resource-name>Protected Resources</web-resource-name>
            <url-pattern>/protected/*</url-pattern>
        </web-resource-collection>
        <auth-constraint>
            <role-name>admin</role-name>
        </auth-constraint>
    </security-constraint>
</web-app>

@WebServlet("/protected-resource")
@RolesAllowed("admin")
public class ProtectedResourceServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) 
        throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 仅限管理员访问受保护的资源
        resp.getWriter().write("Hello, admin!");
    }
}

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