PHP设计模式漫谈之结构模式
BKJIA独家特稿】在《PHP设计模式漫谈》中我们了解到，结构模式之间有许多相似之处，因为在对象模型结构中存在几种关系：类之间的继承和实现，加上对象组合，这些是PHP设计模式的主要目的。
关于《PHP设计模式漫谈》更多内容，可以参阅BKJIA之前的报道：PHP设计模式漫谈之责任链模式 PHP设计模式漫谈之代理模式
对象组合的最大优势在于可以在运行时基于配置建立起一个关系，并不用修改实际的代码，它是类继承和接口实现需要的一个操作。实际上，你完全可以通过修改对象之间而非类之间的链接定义一个应用程序的功能，这是设计的一部分。
结构模式清单
适配器-桥接-外观Adapter-Bridge-Facade）
这三个模式的目标是竞争耦合：
◆适配器模式Adapter）使用不同的接口连接对象；
◆桥接模式Bridge）将一个M抽象层和一个N实现层分离成N+M类，代替M*N用法；
◆外观模式Facade）创建一个新的统一的界面来访问子系统。
复合-装饰-代理Composite-Decorator-Proxy）
这三个模式维护相同的对象接口，它们透明地添加正交关注，客户端不会察觉：
◆复合模式为其它对象增加容器组织层次结构，并将树作为其它树的叶子进行重用；
◆装饰模式通过拦截方法授权添加行为，避免引入大量的子类；
◆代理模式给一个还不存在或很难访问的对象授权操作。
最后，享元模式Flyweight）是一个无身份的ValueObjects标准实现。
原文名：Practical Php Patterns: Structural patterns summary 作者：Giorgio
原文出处：http://giorgiosironi.blogspot.com/2010/02/practical-php-patterns-structural.html
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