What types of C++ arrays are there?

C++ Array is the basic data structure that stores a collection of elements. It supports multiple types, including: Standard array: a classic linear data structure with elements of the same type and elements accessed through subscripts. Dynamic array: The length can be changed dynamically, using container management. Multidimensional array: Represents a multidimensional data structure, similar to a standard array, but with multiple dimensions. Smart Arrays: Provides additional features such as bounds checking.

Detailed explanation of C++ array types and their practical implementation

Introduction

Arrays are C++ The basic data structure used to store collections of elements. C++ supports multiple array types, each with its own unique uses and capabilities. This article will provide an in-depth analysis of C++ array types and demonstrate their usage through practical cases.

1. C++ array types

There are the following main array types in C++:

1. Standard array:

   • Classic linear data structure
   • Element types are the same
   • Access elements through subscripts
   • Syntax: `cpp
     int arr[SIZE];

2. Dynamic array (vector):

   • The length can be Dynamic changes
   • Use container library management
   • Syntax:`cpp
     vector vec;

3. ##Multidimensional arrays:

   Can represent multidimensional data structures
   • Similar to standard arrays, but with multiple dimensions
   • Syntax:
   • `cpp int arrROWS;
     

4. Smart array (array):

   C Introduced in ++11
   • Modern version of standard arrays
   • Providing extra features such as bounds checking
   • Syntax:
   • `cpp array< int, SIZE> arr;
     

2. Practical cases

Case 1: Using standard arrays to store scores

int main() {
    // 声明一个包含 5 个元素的标准数组
    int scores[5] = {80, 90, 75, 85, 95};

    // 输出每个元素
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        cout << "Score " << i + 1 << ": " << scores[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

Case 2: Use dynamic array to store student names

int main() {
    // 创建一个动态数组
    vector<string> students;

    // 添加元素
    students.push_back("John");
    students.push_back("Mary");
    students.push_back("Bob");

    // 输出每个元素
    for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {
        cout << "Student " << i + 1 << ": " << students[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

Case 3: Use multi-dimensional array to store chessboard

int main() {
    // 声明一个 8x8 的多维数组
    int chessboard[8][8];

    // 初始化棋盘
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
            chessboard[i][j] = 0;
        }
    }

    // 设置白色和黑色棋子
    chessboard[0][0] = 1;
    chessboard[7][7] = -1;

    // 输出部分棋盘
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            cout << chessboard[i][j] << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

3. Conclusion

C++ array is a powerful tool that provides a variety of types to meet different application needs. By understanding the characteristics and capabilities of each type, developers can create efficient and easy-to-maintain code.

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