Java framework's microservice architecture service current limiting and circuit breaker

In the Java framework, service current limiting and circuit breaker are crucial to ensure system stability: Service current limiting: Use RateLimiter to limit the number of concurrent requests to prevent system overload. Circuit breaker: Use Hystrix to quickly shut down failed services to avoid the spread of faults. Practical case: The concurrent requests of the current-limiting API /api/v1/users are 100/second, and a 503 error is returned when the service is unavailable. This can be implemented through RateLimiter and Hystrix.

Microservice architecture service current limiting and circuit breaker in Java framework

In microservice architecture, service current limiting and circuit breaker It is crucial to ensure system stability and reliability. This article will introduce how to implement service current limiting and circuit breaker in the Java framework.

Service current limiting

Service current limiting refers to limiting the number of concurrent requests to prevent system overload. We can use RateLimiter to implement service current limiting.

// 初始化 RateLimiter
RateLimiter rateLimiter = RateLimiter.create(100); // 每秒允许 100 个请求

// 在控制器方法中使用限流
@PostMapping("/api/v1/users")
public ResponseEntity<User> createUser(@RequestBody User user) {
    // 尝试获取令牌
    if (!rateLimiter.tryAcquire()) {
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS).build();
    }

    // 处理请求逻辑
    // ...
}

Circuit breaking

Circuit breaking refers to shutting down the service quickly when a service failure occurs to prevent the failure from spreading to other services. We can use Hystrix to implement circuit breaker.

// 初始化 HystrixCommand
HystrixCommand<ResponseEntity<User>> createUserCommand = new HystrixCommand<>() {
    @Override
    protected ResponseEntity<User> run() {
        // 处理请求逻辑
        // ...
    }

    @Override
    protected ResponseEntity<User> getFallback() {
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE).build();
    }
};

// 在控制器方法中使用熔断
@PostMapping("/api/v1/users")
public ResponseEntity<User> createUser(@RequestBody User user) {
    // 执行 HystrixCommand
    return createUserCommand.execute();
}

Practical case

The following is a practical case showing how to use the above technology to implement service current limiting and circuit breaker:

Requirements: The current limit API /api/v1/users has a concurrent request of 100/second, and when the service is unavailable, a 503 error is returned.

Implementation:

// 初始化 RateLimiter 和 HystrixCommand
final RateLimiter rateLimiter = RateLimiter.create(100); // 每秒允许 100 个请求
final HystrixCommand<ResponseEntity<User>> createUserCommand = new HystrixCommand<>() {
    @Override
    protected ResponseEntity<User> run() throws Exception {
        // 处理请求逻辑
        // ...
    }

    @Override
    protected ResponseEntity<User> getFallback() {
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE).build();
    }
};

// 在控制器方法中使用限流和熔断
@PostMapping("/api/v1/users")
public ResponseEntity<User> createUser(@RequestBody User user) {
    if (!rateLimiter.tryAcquire()) {
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS).build();
    }

    return createUserCommand.execute();
}

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