How to compare values ​​of custom types in Golang?

In Golang, values ​​of custom types can be compared in the following way: For types with the same underlying representation, use the == operator directly for comparison. For more complex types, use the reflect.DeepEqual function to recursively compare the entire contents of two values.

Comparing values ​​of custom types in Golang

In Golang, custom types are user-defined data types. Can be created in the program as needed. When you work with values ​​of custom types, you sometimes need to compare them for equality or to determine whether they are equal. This article will introduce how to compare values ​​of custom types in Golang and a practical case.

Use the == operator

For some custom types, you can conveniently use the == operator Compare their values. The == operator can be used when two types have the same underlying representation. For example, here's how to compare two values ​​of type int:

package main

import "fmt"

type MyInt int

func main() {
    var a MyInt = 10
    var b MyInt = 10
    fmt.Println(a == b) // true
}

Use the reflect.DeepEqual function

For More complex custom types cannot be compared directly using the == operator. In this case, you can use the reflect.DeepEqual function, which determines whether two values ​​are equal by recursively comparing their entire contents. The following is how to use the reflect.DeepEqual function to compare two struct type values:

package main

import "fmt"
import "reflect"

type MyStruct struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func main() {
    var a = MyStruct{Name: "Alice", Age: 25}
    var b = MyStruct{Name: "Alice", Age: 25}
    fmt.Println(reflect.DeepEqual(a, b)) // true
}

Practical case: Comparing user structures

Let us consider a practical case where user structures need to be compared. Suppose we have a User structure with Name, Age, and Email fields.

type User struct {
    Name   string
    Age    int
    Email  string
}

Now, suppose we receive two User struct instances containing different values. We need to determine if they represent the same person. We can use the reflect.DeepEqual function to compare these structures:

func areUsersEqual(u1, u2 User) bool {
    return reflect.DeepEqual(u1, u2)
}

We can then use the areUsersEqual function to determine if users are equal:

func main() {
    u1 := User{Name: "John", Age: 30, Email: "john@example.com"}
    u2 := User{Name: "John", Age: 30, Email: "john@example.com"}

    if areUsersEqual(u1, u2) {
        fmt.Println("Users are equal.")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Users are not equal.")
    }

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