Roam Research Report: The second largest DeWi network, a new force in the DePIN track

In this bull market, DePIN is a must-play track. Today’s study is about a high-quality project that is not yet widely known, Roam.

It is a decentralized WiFi roaming network, and the number of global nodes currently exceeds Helium Mobile.

For modern humans, air, water and network are the three essentials for life. We hope that no matter where we go, we can easily access the Internet. Cellular networks (such as 4G, 5G) and WiFi have become the two main ways for users to access the Internet on a daily basis. When the cellular network cannot be used due to lack of signal coverage, poor indoor location, crowded people, etc., WiFi becomes the only life-extending medicine.

Roam aims to promote the construction of a decentralized global WiFi roaming network. Other DePIN projects are mainly decentralized platforms that aggregate physical equipment, such as decentralized GPU computing power and decentralized broadband. Roam does not simply collect WiFi provided by users, but uses the Web3 token incentive mechanism to encourage users to build a global WiFi OpenRoaming™ roaming network. In the actual use of WiFi, we often encounter such troubles. In different places such as coffee shops, bookstores or airports, and every time we go to a new place, we need to find the username and password, which is very troublesome. In addition, WiFi in public places also has security issues.

OpenRoaming™ initiative, which is initiated by the Wireless Broadband Alliance (WBA), aims to establish a global WiFi network alliance. Promoters include Cisco, Google, AT&T, Boingo Wireless, Samsung, etc. WiFi providers in OpenRoaming™ networks adhere to common standards and security protocols. And more importantly, every time the user goes to a place supported by OpenRoaming™, the device can automatically connect to WiFi without any operation. Connecting to Wi-Fi is as convenient as using a 4G/5G cellular network.

Such a good thing, in actual promotion, the overall progress is relatively slow due to factors such as stakeholders, education costs, hardware costs, etc. As the only Web3 project party among the 11 enterprise alliances of the WBA OpenRoaming™ program, Roam not only builds a Depin network integrating OpenRoaming™, but also uses token incentives to promote the development of the network faster.

The effect is remarkable. In the past 8 months, Roam’s nodes have increased by 400,000, surpassing Helium Mobile and becoming the second largest DeWi network. At the same time, Roam users can also use OpenRoaming™'s more than 3.5 million WiFi nodes. And Roam has a huge room for growth. There are 700 million WiFi devices worldwide, and currently less than 0.5% support OpenRoaming™.

Roam Introduction

Roam aims to build a decentralized global WiFi OpenRoaming™ roaming network. Enables users to seamlessly connect to public WiFi networks through the use of decentralized identities (DIDs) and verifiable credentials (VCs). Eliminate the need for users to log in and register repeatedly. Roam utilizes advanced blockchain technology and economic incentive mechanisms to provide users and network providers with secure, efficient and convenient connection services.

Main advantages of Roam

• Global WiFi Roaming: Through Passpoint and OpenRoaming™ technology, Roam enables automatic roaming of devices between different WiFi networks, providing a seamless and secure connection experience. Users only need to register once to automatically connect to OpenRoaming™-enabled WiFi roaming networks around the world.
• Decentralized identity authentication: Roam uses DIDs and VCs for secure network authentication to ensure user privacy and data security. Through zero-knowledge proof technology, users can authenticate their identities without revealing personal information.
• Web3’s token economic incentives: Roam uses a token incentive mechanism to reward users and network providers to promote network expansion and maintenance. Users earn Roam tokens by adding WiFi hotspots, checking in at nodes, and participating in network activities.
• Roam Miner: Roam Miner provides crypto mining capabilities and enterprise-level connection security. Users can earn Roam tokens by deploying miners and enjoy stable network connections.

Passpoint and OpenRoaming™

First introduce the core technologies used by Roam, Passpoint and OpenRoaming technologies.

Passpoint is a WiFi certification and roaming technology developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance in 2012. It can simplify the process of users connecting to public WiFi networks while improving the security and reliability of connections. Passpoint allows devices to automatically discover and connect to Wi-Fi networks without user intervention (such as entering a password). Passpoint uses WPA2-Enterprise encryption and EAP (Extended Authentication Protocol) to provide a powerful security authentication mechanism to ensure the safe transmission of user data.

Another feature of Passpoint is that it supports seamless switching between WiFi networks. The device can automatically switch between different WiFi networks without re-authentication. So, to put it simply, Passpoint technology can realize automatic connection when devices (such as mobile phones and computers) change places without having to enter a password again.

Then, let’s talk about OpenRoaming™, which is an initiative initiated by the Wireless Broadband Alliance (WBA) to establish a global network alliance. OpenRoaming™ provides smooth Wi-Fi to mobile users by connecting access providers (such as public venues, retailers, airports and large enterprises) and identity providers (such as service provider operators, device and cloud providers) -Fi access. The combination of

Passpoint+OpenRoaming™ is equivalent to establishing a WiFi Alliance network composed of certified devices, and all WiFi here follows a unified technical standard. Then, users using this network can automatically authenticate and connect between different WiFi networks. Then, every time the user goes to a place supported by OpenRoaming™, the device will automatically connect to WiFi without any operation. Connecting to Wi-Fi is as convenient as using 4G/5G.

DID and VC

Now that the WiFi Network Alliance exists, identity authentication, privacy, and security must be solved immediately. The answer to this question is DID and VC

去中心化身份（DID）是一種新型的、可驗證的、去中心化的標識符，它用於身份驗證。當然，這個身分是廣義的，泛指任何的主題，例如個人、組織、設備。有別於傳統的中心化身分識別系統，DID由使用者自己控制：使用者可以自行產生和管理DID，儲存在分散式網路中，確保了DID資料的安全性和不可篡改性。避免了傳統身分識別系統中存在的單點故障和隱私外洩風險。

可驗證憑證（VC）以數位方式儲存在電腦或行動裝置上的標準化身分憑證格式，類似與真實世界的證件。比如說，我是xiaochu，那麼我有團書館會員卡、駕照、大學畢業證書等等。它實現更有效率和安全的身份驗證。 VC包括

1. 元資料：包含憑證的發行者資訊、有效期限、憑證ID等。
2. 聲明數據：包括憑證持有者的屬性信息，如姓名、年齡、資質等，以及發行者對這些信息的認證。
3. 加密證明：使用加密演算法產生的簽名，確保憑證的真實性和完整性，防止篡改和偽造

DID和VC組成了一個去中心化的身份憑證。在Roam網路中，DID和VC被廣泛應用於實現OpenRoaming服務的安全身分驗證和隱私權保護。當使用者存取Roam網路時，使用DID和VC進行身份驗證。使用者的DID和相關的VC儲存在使用者設備中，可以在不洩露敏感資訊的情況下，證明自己的身分和憑證的有效性。

代幣激勵的Depin 網路

Roam 搭建了一個 DePIN 生態，該生態由 Web3 經濟體系驅動。基於該 DePIN 網絡，企業以及個人用戶都能夠根據自身的情況透過 Roam 協議加入到 OpenRoaming ™中，簡單的方式可以透過下載 Roam的行動APP來分享熱點，專業級別的可以購買 Roam 的Rainier MAX60 路由器。

1 APP內

用戶可以下載Roam的App，支援安卓和IOS。 Roam App不僅可以讓使用者透過Roam app連接到OpenRoaming™ WiFi 網路。對於新用戶，下載app可以獲得一次性的歡迎獎勵，同時設定了分享、邀請等社交化的獎勵機制，以激勵用戶社交化擴散。同時，擁有數十萬用戶的Roam也會跟著其它專案合作，用戶可以透過各類活動獲得的其它專案方的空投獎勵。

2 Roam路由器

專業用戶可以選擇Roam路由器：Rainier MAX60，官網售價為499美金。首先，該路由器可以作為日常生活的WiFi路由器。 Rainier MAX60 具備 Wi-Fi 6 的效能，支援高達 9.6Gbps 的資料傳輸速率，相較於 WiFi 5 的3.5Gbps 快近 3 倍。並且在150平方公尺的空間可以最大支援200多個設備同時連接。

然後，它可以做為Roam 網路的Depin設備，實現自動挖礦。重要的是，透過運行 Rainier MAX60 並為用戶提供 OpenRoaming™ Wi-Fi 等服務，用戶可以獲得四倍於 private Wi-Fi 點位的 RoamPoints 獎勵。

Roam-baker-max30 在未來也會上市，售價只要199美金。

Roam路由器本身作為日用WiFi擁有優秀的效能、並配以持續的經濟激勵，必將推動大量的WiFi節點加入到 OpenRoaming ™網路中。

從數據來看，Roam的WiFi數量的加入處於快速的成長中。現在WiFi的連線數量已經達到了40.4萬個。 APP用戶數量已經達到了52.3萬。 Roam的快速成長開始23年12月月份，短短8個月的時候，已經達到了40萬個。相較之下，OpenRoaming建設多年，節點數量現在只有350多萬。

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