In this article, we will be learning about a random number generator in PHP. So what is random number generator?
We can generate random numbers or integers using built-in functions. What do these functions do? These functions within a range of min and max generate different sets of numbers. And every time you call this function it will generate a number that is unique. We can generate any numbered digits like 2digit number, 3digit number and so on.
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The numbers get shuffled within the range and are generated accordingly. There are various built-in functions to generate random numbers.
Now we will be learning about different functions that generate pseudo-random numbers:
We will learn the syntax followed by the examples of each type of function mentioned.
Syntax:
rand()
Example:
<?php // program to generate random integer value echo '<br>'.'Following are the different random values'; echo '<hr/>'; echo '<br>'. rand(); echo '<hr/>'; echo '<br>'. rand(); echo '<hr/>'; echo '<br>'. rand(); ?>
Output:
This function provides the range to the rand() function.
Syntax:
rand(min, max);
where min is the optional minimum value and denotes the lowest number value and max is the optional maximum value and denotes the highest numerical value.
Also, min has a default value of zero and max has a default value of getrandmax() function value. The return type of the function is always an integer.
Example:
<?php // program to generate random integer value echo 'Following are the different random values within ranges min and max'; echo '<hr/>'; echo '<br> Range : 1 to 100 ----> '. rand(1,100); echo '<hr/>'; echo '<br> Range 5 to 25 ---->'. rand(5, 25); echo '<hr/>'; echo '<br>Range 10000 to 50000 --->'. rand(10000, 50000); ?>
Output:
Syntax:
int mt_rand(min, max)
where min is optional value and denotes the lowest number and max is optional value and denotes the highest number. The default value of min is 0 and the default value of max is the given highest value. The return type is an integer.
Example:
<?php // program to generate random integer value echo 'Following are the different random values using mt_rand()'; echo '<hr/>'; echo '<br> Range : 1 to 100 ----> '. mt_rand(1,100); echo '<hr/>'; echo '<br> Range 5 to 25 ---->'. mt_rand(5, 25); echo '<hr/>'; echo '<br>Range 9 to 19 --->'. mt_rand(9, 19); ?>
Output:
Syntax:
mt_getrandmax();
This function returns an integer value
Example:
<?php // program to generate random integer values //using getrandmax() function echo 'Random number using getrandmax() function'; echo '<hr/>'; echo(getrandmax()); echo '<hr>'; ?>
Output:
Syntax:
mt_getrandmax();
This function returns an integer value.
Example:
<?php // program to generate random integer values //using mt_getrandmax() function echo 'random number using mt_getrandmax() function'; echo '<hr/>'; echo(mt_getrandmax()); ?>
Output:
Syntax:
srand(seed);
Where the seed is an optional value, and this function does not return anything.
Example:
<?php // program to generate random integer value echo 'example using srand'; echo '<br>'. srand(3); echo(rand(1, 5)); echo '<hr>'; echo 'example using srand'; echo '<br>'. srand(2); echo(rand(1, 5)); ?>
Output:
Example:
<?php // program to generate random integer value using mt_srand() function echo 'example using mt_srand'; echo '<hr>'; mt_srand(5); echo mt_rand(1,5); ?>
Output:
In the following example we have used rand(),rand(min,max) and mt_rand().
Code:
<?php // program to generate random integer value echo 'Following are the different random values'; echo '<br> Any random number ---->'. rand(); echo '<br> Any random number ---->'. rand(); echo '<hr>'; // random number with range echo 'Following are the different random values within a range '; echo '<br> Any random number within the range from 0 to 9----> '. rand(0,9); echo '<br>Any random number within the range from 1000 to 9999 ---->'. rand(1000,9999); echo '<hr>'; // random number with range echo 'Following are the different random values using mt_rand() '; echo '<br> Using mt_rand()---->'. mt_rand(1000,9999); echo '<br> Using mt_rand()---->'. mt_rand(100,999); ?>
Output:
Floating-point numbers represent a number with decimals that are of the type float. Examples – 10.0, 8.12, 6.23e-5, 2.345, 2.98e+10 and more.
Code:
<?php function fun($min, $max) { $square_root = sqrt(4); return mt_rand($min * $square_root, $max * $square_root) / 100; } echo 'Program to display floating point numbers '; echo '<hr>'; echo "<br>".fun(1, 10, 2); ?>
Output:
In this article, we learned about various functions used to generate a random number in PHP. These functions are explained with sample examples. Hope this article is found useful to anyone who wants to learn a random number generator in PHP.
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