Understanding static members

Understanding Static Members

Definition of Static Members:

• Static members can be used independently of any instance of the class.
• They are declared with the static keyword.
• Methods and variables can be static.

Static Member Access:

• Do not require object instances to be accessed.
• Can be accessed using the class name followed by the dot operator (.).
• Access example: Timer.count = 10;

Classic Example:

• The main() method is static because it is called by the JVM when starting the program.

Static Variables:

• They are shared among all instances of the class.
• A single copy of the variable is available to all instances.

Code Example with Static Variables:

StaticDemo.java

• The static variable y is shared by all instances and its modification affects all of them.

Static Methods:

• Called using the class name, without having to create an object.
• Only other static methods can be called directly.
• Only static variables can directly access.
• Do not have this reference.

Code Example with Static Methods:

StaticMeth.java

Restrictions of Static Methods:

• Cannot access instance variables directly.
• Example error: A static method trying to access a common instance variable will result in a compilation error.

See StaticError.java

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