Introduction to nested and inner classes

Definition of Nested Classes

Nested Classes:

• Classes declared inside another class.
• Introduced from Java 1.1; were not available in previous versions.

Scope:

• The nested class cannot exist independently of the outer class.
• The scope is limited to the containing class.
• 2. Types of Nested Classes

Nested Classes:

• Can be declared as static or not.
• Internal Classes: The focus of the book, non-static, have direct access to variables and methods of the external class.
• 3. Use of Internal Classes

Purpose:

• Provide services that are used only by the external class.

Example:

• An inner class Inner is used to calculate the minimum, maximum and average of an array contained in the outer class Outer.

Outer.java

LocalClassDemo

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