Literals in C# are the fixed value used by a predefined variable that cannot be modified during the execution of the code. These are the convenient form of constant values like other variables, but their values cannot be changed. The value used by a variable can be integer, decimal, floating type, or string. There are different types of literals in C# with different forms. There are various types of literals in C#.
Following are the different types of literals in C#.
The literal of integer type can be octal, decimal, or hexadecimal. The prefix is used to specify whether it is decimal, octal, or hexadecimal. U and u are also used as a suffix with integer-type literals for unsigned numbers, and l and L are used for long numbers. Every literal is of integer type by default.
int x = 100; // decimal type
int x = 072; // octal type
int x = 0x123f; // hexadecimal type
The string type literals are enclosed in (“”)/ double quotes and also can be started with @””. Long lines can be broken into multiple lines with string literals and separated using blank spaces.
string s= "Hi"; // string literals
You enclose the character type literals in (“)/single quotes. There are three ways to specify character literals.
char c = '\n';
Following are some escape sequence literals explained with their meanings.
|
Meaning | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| \ | Character | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ’ | Character | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ’’ | Character | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ? | Character | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | Alert | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| b | Backspace | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| n | Newline | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| f | Form feed | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| v | Vertical tab | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| xhh | Hexadecimal number |
In the floating type of literal, there is an integer part, a fractional part, a decimal part, and an exponent part. The floating type literal is of double type. You can use F or f as a suffix to specify the value because you cannot assign it directly to the float variable.
In the Boolean type of literals, true and false will be the only two values.
Below are the examples that show how we can implement all the above literals in C#
Code:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Literals
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int x = 212; // decimal literal
int y = 0145; // octal literal
int z = 0x4b; // hexadecimal literal
Console.WriteLine(x);
Console.WriteLine(y);
Console.WriteLine(z);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}Output:
Explanation: In the above example, there are various forms of integer-type literals. You use no prefix for the decimal form, use 0 to specify the octal form, and use 0x to specify the hexadecimal number. Using prefixes, we can define the form of integer type literal. In this code, first, there is a literal of decimal type with no prefix, a second type is an octal form with 0 as a prefix, and last, we have a hexadecimal type with 0x as a prefix.
Code:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Literals
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
double x = 187.231;
double y = 0141.361;
double z = 374159E-4F;
Console.WriteLine(x);
Console.WriteLine(y);
Console.WriteLine(z);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}Output:
Explanation: The above example implements floating-point literals. It can be a decimal number, fractional, or any exponent. So we can represent it either in decimal or in exponential form. The floating type literal is of double type. You can use F or f as a suffix to specify the value because you cannot assign it directly to the float variable.
Code:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Literals
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
char c = 'b';
char ch = '\u0071';
Console.WriteLine(c);
Console.WriteLine(ch);
Console.WriteLine("\nHello World\t!");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}Output:
Explanation: The above example implements character-type literals. The above code shows all three forms of character type. We can specify the character using a single quote, Unicode representation, and escape sequence. We have multiple types of escape characters with their meanings. In this code, the first single quote character is specified where the second one has Unicode representation, and then, at last, we have escape form type of character literals.
Code:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Literals
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
String s1 = "This is C# programming";
String s2 = @"This is C# programming";
Console.WriteLine(s1);
Console.WriteLine(s2);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}Output:
Explanation: The above example implements string literals. There are two ways to specify string literals, as shown in the code. To implement the string, use double quotes first, then follow with the @ symbol.
Code:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Literals
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
bool x = true;
bool y = false;
Console.WriteLine(x);
Console.WriteLine(y);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}Output:
Explanation: In the example provided, the implementation of Boolean type literals, which consist of two true or false values, can be seen.
So literals are the fixed values. In C#, there are different types of literals with specific form types. It can be of integer, Boolean, string, or a character literal.
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