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Turborepo vs Nx: Which Monorepo Tool is Right for You?

Sep 23, 2024 pm 06:17 PM

Turborepo vs Nx: Which Monorepo Tool is Right for You?

À mesure que le développement moderne gagne en complexité, les monorepos sont devenus de plus en plus populaires. Ils permettent de stocker plusieurs projets ou packages dans un seul référentiel, simplifiant ainsi la gestion des dépendances et favorisant une meilleure collaboration. Deux des meilleurs outils de gestion des monorepos sont Turborepo et Nx.

Les deux outils sont conçus pour améliorer l'efficacité et l'évolutivité de la gestion des monorepos, mais ils présentent des atouts distincts. Dans cet article, nous comparerons Turborepo et Nx, et passerons en revue un exemple simple pour vous aider à voir comment ils fonctionnent.

Qu’est-ce qu’un Monorepo ?

Un monorepo est un référentiel qui stocke le code de plusieurs projets en un seul endroit, par opposition à une configuration multi-dépôt où chaque projet possède son propre référentiel. Les monorepos apportent plusieurs avantages :

  • Partage de code : il est plus facile de gérer le code partagé et les dépendances entre les projets.
  • Meilleure collaboration d'équipe : tout est au même endroit, ce qui facilite la gestion des révisions de code, du suivi des dépendances et des pipelines CI/CD.

Cependant, les monorepos peuvent devenir très volumineux et nécessiter des outils spécialisés pour gérer efficacement les builds, les tests et les déploiements. Entrez Turborepo et Nx.


Qu’est-ce que Turborepo ?

Turborepo est un système de build hautes performances conçu pour monorepos JavaScript/TypeScript. Il met l'accent sur la rapidité, en utilisant des mécanismes de mise en cache avancés et une exécution parallèle pour gérer efficacement les grands projets.

Principales caractéristiques de Turborepo :

  1. Mise en cache distribuée : Turborepo met en cache les résultats de build et les partage entre les environnements, réduisant ainsi les builds redondants.
  2. Exécution parallèle : il exécute des tâches telles que des builds ou des tests en parallèle, améliorant ainsi la vitesse à tous les niveaux.
  3. Configuration minimale : démarrer avec Turborepo est simple, avec une configuration minimale requise.
  4. JavaScript/TypeScript Focus : Turborepo est optimisé spécifiquement pour les projets JavaScript et TypeScript.

Qu’est-ce que Nx ?

Nx est un puissant système de build créé à l'origine par Nrwl pour gérer des monorepos à grande échelle. Bien qu'il ait commencé comme un outil spécifique à Angular, il prend désormais en charge de nombreux frameworks et langages, notamment React, Node.js et même des outils non-JS comme Go.

Key Features of Nx:

  1. Plugin Ecosystem: Nx provides built-in support for many frameworks like React, Angular, and NestJS through plugins.
  2. Smart Build System: It uses advanced dependency graphs and caching to build only what is necessary.
  3. Structured Workspaces: Nx is designed for large-scale monorepos, offering structure and tooling for multiple teams.
  4. Code Generation: Nx comes with CLI tools for generating new apps, libraries, or components.
  5. Rich CLI: Nx has commands to visualize dependency graphs, check affected projects, and more.

Comparing Turborepo and Nx

1. Ease of Setup

  • Turborepo: Quick to set up with minimal configuration, ideal for those who want to get started fast with JavaScript/TypeScript monorepos.
  • Nx: Offers a more extensive setup with lots of tooling and structure, suitable for larger teams or those using multiple frameworks.

2. Framework Support

  • Turborepo: Focuses on JavaScript/TypeScript frameworks like React, Next.js, and Node.js.
  • Nx: Supports a wider range of frameworks through plugins, including Angular, React, and even non-JS languages like Go.

3. Build Performance and Caching

  • Turborepo: Known for distributed caching and pipeline parallelism, making it extremely fast for large-scale JS/TS builds.
  • Nx: Also offers intelligent build caching and task optimization, using a dependency graph to determine the minimum required builds.

4. Tooling and Ecosystem

  • Turborepo: A more focused tool for build and task management in JS/TS monorepos, with a simple configuration.
  • Nx: A richer ecosystem with features like code scaffolding, visual dependency graphs, and advanced workspace management, making it great for polyglot teams.

Example: Setting Up a Simple Monorepo

Here’s a basic example of how to set up a monorepo using Turborepo and Nx.

Example with Turborepo

  1. Initialize the Monorepo:
   npx create-turbo@latest
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  1. Run Commands: To build, lint, or test across the entire workspace:
   turbo run build
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  1. Configure turbo.json for parallel builds:
   {
     "pipeline": {
       "build": {
         "dependsOn": ["^build"],
         "outputs": ["dist/**"]
       }
     }
   }
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Example with Nx

  1. Initialize the Workspace:
   npx create-nx-workspace@latest
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  1. Add a New Project: Generate a React application within the workspace:
   nx generate @nrwl/react:application my-app
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  1. Run the Build: Build the application using Nx:
   nx build my-app
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Conclusion

Both Turborepo and Nx are powerful tools for managing monorepos, but they cater to different needs:

  • Turborepo is ideal for JavaScript/TypeScript projects with a focus on performance and simplicity. It’s fast to set up and excels at caching and parallelism.
  • Nx is more suited for large, multi-framework teams who need advanced features like workspace management, code generation, and support for various languages and frameworks.

Choose Turborepo if you want a fast, focused solution for JS/TS monorepos. Opt for Nx if you need a more structured toolset with plugin support for a broader range of technologies.

Try them out and see which one works best for your team!

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