how to test github actions locally

How can I set up a local testing environment for GitHub Actions?

To establish a local testing environment for GitHub Actions, you can utilize the act tool. act allows you to run your workflows locally, mimicking the GitHub Actions execution environment. To set up act, follow these steps:

1. Install Node.js version 16 or higher.

2. Install act globally using npm:

   <code>npm install -g @actions/act</code>

3. Create a file named test.yml in your project's root directory with the following content:

   <code class="yaml">name: My Workflow
   
   on:
     push:
       branches: [ master ]
   
   jobs:
     build:
       runs-on: ubuntu-latest
       steps:
         - run: echo Hello, world!</code>

4. Run act to execute your workflow locally:

   <code>act -j build</code>

What tools or techniques are available for mocking or simulating GitHub Actions runner behaviors?

To mock or simulate GitHub Actions runner behaviors, you can use the following tools or techniques:

• Stubbers: Stubbing a runner action involves creating a mock object that imitates the behavior of the original runner, allowing you to control the input and output of the action. Some popular stubbing libraries include [Sinon](https://sinonjs.org/) and [Mocha](https://mochajs.org/).
• Test doubles: Test doubles are a broader category of mocking techniques that encompass stubs, spies, and fakes. Spies allow you to observe interactions with the runner, while fakes provide a complete replacement for the runner, enabling you to define its behavior precisely.
• Mocking frameworks: Mocking frameworks provide a comprehensive suite of tooling for creating and managing mocks. Popular mocking frameworks for JavaScript include [Jest](https://jestjs.io/) and [Enzyme](https://enzymejs.github.io/).

How can I debug and troubleshoot GitHub Actions failures locally?

To debug and troubleshoot GitHub Actions failures locally, you can use the following approaches:

1. Local debugging: Using techniques such as logging, printing debug messages, and utilizing debuggers like Node.js's built-in debugger or the Visual Studio Code debugger, you can step through your workflow locally and identify any issues.
2. Inspecting workflow logs: GitHub Actions logs provide detailed information about workflow executions, including errors and warnings. You can access these logs in the GitHub Actions user interface or by using the GitHub API.
3. Analyzing job artifacts: Artifacts are files or data produced by your workflow jobs. Examining these artifacts can provide insights into the workflow's behavior and help you identify any issues.
4. Utilizing testing frameworks: Testing frameworks such as Jest and Mocha offer debugging features like snapshot testing and custom assertions, which can aid in isolating and resolving issues in your workflows.

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