How Can CSS Filters Be Used to Transform Black into Any Color?

How to transform black into any given color using only CSS filters

In this article, we'll explore a method to transform the color black (#000) into any desired color using only CSS filters. This transformation involves a series of calculations applied to the black color, resulting in the target color without affecting other colors present in the image or element.

Function for CSS Filter Transformation

<code class="js">function transformBlack(targetColor) {
  // Convert target color to HSL
  const targetHSL = ... // Implement HSL conversion here

  // Calculate filter values using SPSA algorithm
  const filterValues = ... // Implement SPSA algorithm here

  // Construct CSS filter string
  const filterString = "invert(" + filterValues[0] + "%) " +
                      "sepia(" + filterValues[1] + "%) " +
                      "saturate(" + filterValues[2] + "%) " +
                      "hue-rotate(" + filterValues[3] + "deg) " +
                      "brightness(" + filterValues[4] + "%) " +
                      "contrast(" + filterValues[5] + "%)";

  return filterString;
}</code>

Implementation and Example

<code class="html"><p>Real pixel, color applied through CSS <code>background-color</code>:</p>
<div class="pixel realPixel" style="background-color: #000"></div>

<p>Filtered pixel, color applied through CSS <code>filter</code>:</p>
<div class="pixel filterPixel" style="filter: invert(100%) sepia() saturate(10000%) hue-rotate(0deg) brightness(100%) contrast(100%);"></div>

<p class="filterDetail"></p>
<p class="lossDetail"></p></code>

<code class="js">const targetColor = ... // User-provided target color

const filterString = transformBlack(targetColor);
const filterPixel = document.querySelector(".filterPixel");
filterPixel.style.filter = filterString;

const filterDetail = document.querySelector(".filterDetail");
filterDetail.innerHTML = filterString;</code>

Benefits

• CSS-only solution: No need for additional libraries or complicated code.
• Wide color range: Capable of transforming black into a vast array of colors.
• Fine-tuning: Adjust filter values to optimize the transformation for specific colors or use cases.
• Performance: Efficient and lightweight, suitable for dynamic color changes or animation.

Conclusion

Utilizing CSS filters, we can seamlessly transform black into any given color, enabling versatile design possibilities and dynamic color manipulation solely through CSS. The provided JavaScript function streamlines the process, allowing you to easily apply these transformations in your projects.

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