How to Convert Black to Any Color Using CSS Filters?

How to transform black into any given color using only CSS filters

Introduction

The goal of this article is to provide a formula that will transform the color black (#000) into any given target color using only CSS filters. The resulting formula will be implemented in a function that takes the target color as an argument and returns the corresponding CSS filter string.

Overview of the Method

The method used to generate the CSS filter string involves a combination of CSS filters such as invert, sepia, saturate, hue-rotate, brightness, and contrast. By adjusting the parameters of these filters in a specific manner, it is possible to approximate the target color from the starting black color.

Method Implementation

The following code snippet contains the implementation of the method in JavaScript:

<code class="javascript">class Color {
    // ... (Constructor and other methods)
}

class Solver {
    solve() {
        // ... (Solving algorithm)

        return {
            values: result.values,
            loss: result.loss,
            filter: this.css(result.values)
        };
    }

    // ... (Other methods)
}

function main() {
    // ... (Getting the target color and creating a Solver object)

    let result = solver.solve();

    // ... (Setting the background color of the pixels and displaying the filter details)
}

main();</code>

Explanation of the Method

1. The code defines two classes, Color and Solver. The Color class represents a color with red, green, and blue (RGB) components, and it provides methods to manipulate the color. The Solver class is responsible for finding the optimal combination of filter parameters that best approximates the target color.
2. The Solver class's solve method uses a combination of wide and narrow search algorithms to determine the optimal filter parameters. The wide search algorithm quickly explores a wider range of parameter values, while the narrow search algorithm further refines the solution within a smaller range.
3. The Solver class's css method generates the CSS filter string based on the optimal parameter values found by the solve method.
4. The main function prompts the user for a target color in the RGB format (r, g, b) and then creates a Solver object with that color as the target.
5. The main function calls the Solver object's solve method to find the optimal filter parameters and CSS filter string.
6. Finally, the result is displayed by setting the background color of two pixels using the original black color and the computed CSS filter string, respectively. The generated filter details are also displayed, including the filter string and the resulting loss value. The loss value indicates how close the approximation is to the target color.

Conclusion

The provided code snippet implements a method that can transform black into any given color using a combination of CSS filters. This method is efficient and accurate, and it can generate CSS filter strings for a wide range of target colors. It is important to note that the approximation may not be perfect, especially for certain colors, but it provides a close approximation using only CSS filters.

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