How to Authenticate Users with Email in Django?

Django Authentication with Email

In Django, the default authentication mechanism utilizes usernames for login credentials. However, certain scenarios may necessitate authenticating users through their email addresses instead. To achieve this, creating a custom authentication backend is the recommended approach.

Custom Authentication Backend

The following Python code exemplifies a custom authentication backend that authenticates users based on their email addresses:

<code class="python">from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.contrib.auth.backends import ModelBackend

class EmailBackend(ModelBackend):
    def authenticate(self, request, username=None, password=None, **kwargs):
        UserModel = get_user_model()
        try:
            user = UserModel.objects.get(email=username)
        except UserModel.DoesNotExist:
            return None
        else:
            if user.check_password(password):
                return user
        return None</code>

Configuration

To utilize the custom authentication backend, add the following to your Django project's settings:

<code class="python">AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ['path.to.auth.module.EmailBackend']</code>

Usage

With the custom authentication backend in place, you can authenticate users via email using the following steps:

<code class="python"># Get email and password from the request
email = request.POST['email']
password = request.POST['password']

# Authenticate the user
user = authenticate(username=email, password=password)

# Log in the user if authentication was successful
if user is not None:
    login(request, user)</code>

This approach allows for user authentication through their email addresses without the need for usernames.

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