Why am I getting a \'view must be a callable or a list/tuple in the case of include()\' error in Django URLs?

Django URLs TypeError: "view must be a callable or a list/tuple in the case of include()."

Cause:

Starting from Django 1.10, specifying views as strings (e.g., 'myapp.views.home') in URL patterns is no longer allowed.

Solution:

Update your urls.py file to include the actual view callable:

Option 1: Import and reference views individually

<code class="python">from django.conf.urls import url

from django.contrib.auth.views import login
from myapp.views import home, contact

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', home, name='home'),
    url(r'^contact/$', contact, name='contact'),
    url(r'^login/$', login, name='login'),
]</code>

Option 2: Import the views module and reference views

<code class="python">from django.conf.urls import url

from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views
from myapp import views as myapp_views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', myapp_views.home, name='home'),
    url(r'^contact/$', myapp_views.contact, name='contact'),
    url(r'^login/$', auth_views.login, name='login'),
]</code>

Note:

• Using as allows views from multiple apps to be imported without name conflicts.
• Consider naming URL patterns for improved readability and URL reversing.
• Refer to the Django URL dispatcher documentation for more details.

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