How to Achieve Function Overloading in Javascript?

Function Overloading in Javascript

Despite classical programming approaches allowing multiple functions with the same name, Javascript strictly defines a single function per name. Therefore, alternative solutions have emerged to accommodate function overloading.

1. Variable Arguments

Javascript's lack of type checking enables functions to adapt to different argument sets by checking the presence, type, or quantity of arguments and branching accordingly. For instance, jQuery's obj.data() method supports four usage forms, each requiring distinct behavior that can be implemented using variable arguments.

2. Default Arguments

ES6 introduces built-in support for default argument values. By specifying a default value in the function declaration, arguments can be assumed if not provided by the caller. For example, the multiply() function can take two arguments, with the second having a default value of 1.

3. Named Arguments

Named arguments use a map of properties and values to pass only the required arguments without regard to order. This mimics named argument features in other languages. Javascript objects can easily handle this technique, as demonstrated by jQuery's ajax() method which allows passing a single object with named properties to configure the request.

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