How to Set Specific Library Paths in G and LD?

How to Prioritize Specific Library Path Preferences

When using g and ld to compile a C program, it's possible to encounter scenarios where a library of the same name exists both in a default path and a custom path, leading to conflicts. To resolve this, there are two primary approaches:

Using LD_LIBRARY_PATH (or Equivalent)

The LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable allows you to specify the search path for dynamic libraries. To prioritize your custom library, add its path to the LD_LIBRARY_PATH before the default path. For example:

<code class="bash">export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/my/dir:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code>

Using the "-Wl,-rpath" Option

The "-Wl,-rpath" option passed to g instructs the linker to use a specific path as the runtime library search path. This path will be given precedence over the standard search path. An example command would be:

<code class="bash">g++ -Wall -g -o my_binary -L/my/dir -lfoo -Wl,-rpath,$(DEFAULT_LIB_INSTALL_PATH) bar.cpp</code>

Additional Considerations

• Security Implications: LD_LIBRARY_PATH should be used with caution, as it can potentially allow malicious code to be loaded. It's advisable to set it temporarily for specific applications rather than permanently altering it system-wide.
• Alternatives to LD_LIBRARY_PATH: For temporary use, you can also set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable on the command line before executing your application.

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