How to Orientate a Player Character towards the Mouse Cursor in a PyGame 2D Shooting Game?

How to orientate a player character towards the mouse cursor

In developing a 2D shooting game using the PyGame library, you may encounter the need to align your player character (Player_1) with the position of the mouse cursor. This article provides a solution and demonstrates how to achieve this effect effectively.

First, determine the vector angle between the player and the mouse cursor. Utilize the pygame.mouse.get_pos() function to obtain the mouse cursor's position and define the rectangular bounding box of the player using pygame.Rect. Utilizing this information, calculate the vector from the player's center to the mouse cursor's position.

Next, compute the angle of the vector using the formula math.atan2(-dy, dx). Here, the y-axis needs to be reversed (-dy) to account for the difference in coordinate system conventions between PyGame and mathematics.

Furthermore, you may need to apply a correction angle based on the player's orientation. Depending on the player's initial facing direction (right, up, left, down), you will need to adjust the angle accordingly.

Finally, use pygame.transform.rotate() to rotate the player's image by the calculated angle, ensuring the rotation is performed around its center.

For a more detailed explanation, let's analyze the following code snippet:

<code class="python">import math
import pygame

mx, my = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
player_rect = Player_1.get_rect(topleft=(P_X,P_Y))
dx, dy = mx - player_rect.centerx, player_rect.centery - my
angle = math.degrees(math.atan2(-dy, dx)) - correction_angle
rot_image = pygame.transform.rotate(Player_1, angle)
rot_image_rect = rot_image.get_rect(center=player_rect.center)</code>

Here, we find the difference between the mouse cursor's coordinates and player's center (dx and dy), ensuring the y-axis is reversed (-dy). Using this information, the vector angle is computed in degrees. It is essential to remember that you must subtract a correction angle, which depends on the player's facing direction. Finally, the player's image is rotated around its center by the calculated angle.

With this approach, you can effectively align your player character with the mouse cursor's position, enhancing the gameplay experience of your 2D shooting game.

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