How to Resolve PHP cURL Error Code 60: SSL Certificate Problem?

PHP cURL Error Code 60: SSL Certificate Problem

While configuring a PHP environment on Windows using WAMP, you may encounter error code 60 when using the Amazon PHP SDK:

<code class="php">Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'cURL_Exception' with message 'cURL resource: Resource id #10; cURL error: SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate (cURL error code 60). See http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/libcurl-errors.html for an explanation of error codes.' in...</code>

Cause:

This error occurs due to an issue with the SSL certificate used for verifying the remote endpoint.

Troubleshooting:

1. Verify your php.ini Settings:

Ensure that you have added the correct CA bundle file to your php.ini file:

curl.cainfo = C:\Windows\ca-bundle.crt

If the CA bundle doesn't exist or is invalid, cURL will be unable to verify the SSL certificate.

2. Use the curl.cainfo Setting Correctly:

The curl.cainfo setting should point to the path of the CA bundle. Typically, it's a PEM-encoded file containing multiple certificates.

3. Download the Trusted Root Certificate Bundle:

Use the trusted root certificate bundle from the following URL:

https://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem

4. Update the php.ini Setting:

Once you have downloaded the certificate bundle, update your php.ini file with the correct path:

curl.cainfo = "path_to_cert\cacert.pem"

5. Restart WAMP:

After updating the php.ini settings, restart the WAMP service for the changes to take effect.

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