Why am I getting an \'unsafe use of relative path\' error with MySQLdb on El Capitan?

El Capitan User Encounters "unsafe use of relative path" Error with MySQLdb

A Django user has encountered a mysterious error when attempting to run the python manage.py runserver command, receiving the following message:

ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: dlopen(/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so, 2): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib
  Referenced from: /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so
  Reason: unsafe use of relative rpath libmysqlclient.18.dylib in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so with restricted binary

The user has installed MySQL-python via Pip and followed a suggested step, but the issue persists. Moreover, they are using the El Capitan Beta 3 operating system.

The Culprit: System Integrity Protection

In OS X El Capitan (10.11), Apple introduced System Integrity Protection (SIP), which restricts programs in protected locations like /usr from accessing shared libraries using relative references. In this case, the _mysql.so shared library includes a relative reference to the shared library libmysqlclient.18.dylib.

Resolution: Forcing an Absolute Reference

While a future update of _mysql.so may resolve this issue, a temporary solution involves forcing the library to use an absolute reference using the install_name_tool utility.

Assuming libmysqlclient.18.dylib is located in /usr/local/mysql/lib/, execute the following command:

sudo install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib \
  /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib \
  /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so

This command will modify _mysql.so to use the absolute path to the libmysqlclient.18.dylib shared library, resolving the "unsafe use of relative path" error.

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