How do LoadInt32 and StoreInt32 ensure safe concurrent access to shared variables in Go?

Atomic Operations: Understanding LoadInt32/StoreInt32 for Go

Atomic operations are crucial for concurrent programming, ensuring that variables can be safely shared between multiple goroutines. Go provides sync/atomic for this purpose, but the difference between LoadInt32 and StoreInt32 may not be immediately apparent.

When using shared variables in concurrent code, it's important to consider the following scenarios:

<code class="go">import "sync/atomic"

var sharedA int64
var sharedB *int64

// Concurrent code
tmpVarA := sharedA
tmpVarB := *sharedB</code>

In this example, both sharedA and sharedB are accessed concurrently. Without using atomic operations, it's possible for tmpVarA and tmpVarB to hold inconsistent values. This is because the CPU's instruction ordering may differ for each goroutine, resulting in unexpected results.

To address this issue, Go provides the sync/atomic package. Here's how it can be incorporated into the previous example:

<code class="go">tmpVarA := atomic.LoadInt64(&sharedA)
tmpVarB := atomic.LoadInt64(sharedB)</code>

The LoadInt64 function atomically loads the value from sharedA and sharedB into tmpVarA and tmpVarB, respectively. This ensures that the values are always acquired atomically, preserving their consistency across goroutines.

In summary, atomic operations like LoadInt32/StoreInt32 are essential for synchronized access to shared variables in concurrent Go programs. They guarantee that variables are read and written in a consistent and predictable manner, preventing race conditions and data corruption.

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