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Compatibility Issues in Compiling C Code with a C Compiler

When compiling an existing C codebase with a C compiler, several potential issues can arise, especially if you don't wrap your C files in extern "C" blocks.

Data Type Compatibility

C enforces stricter data type rules compared to C. For example, assigning an integer to a variable with an enumerated type is permitted in C but will fail in C . In such cases, you will need to explicitly cast the data to the correct type.

Reserved Words

C introduces new reserved words, such as "class," "bool," and "namespace," which cannot be used as variable names in C compiled code. If your C code uses these words as identifiers, you may encounter compilation errors.

Name Mangling

In the absence of extern "C" wrappers, a C compiler will apply name mangling to the symbols in your C files. This means that the symbols will be prefixed with additional characters, potentially causing problems if you rely on dynamic linking (dlsym()) to access functions or data from shared libraries.

Other Incompatibilities

Beyond these common issues, there are other less frequently encountered incompatibilities between C and C that can cause compilation errors. These may include differences in handling of preprocessor macros, function pointers, and typedefs.

For a comprehensive list of known incompatibilities, refer to the "Incompatibilities Between ISO C and ISO C " document. By carefully considering these challenges and adopting appropriate mitigation strategies, such as wrapping C files in extern "C" blocks, you can mitigate most of these issues and gradually move your C codebase towards C .

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