How Does Spring JPA Manage Connections with Hibernate?

Understanding Connection Management in Spring JPA with Hibernate

In Spring JPA (Hibernate), connections are managed through the interplay of the Spring transaction manager, the JPA Transaction API, Hibernate's Session interface, and the underlying connection pool.

Transaction Initiation and Binding

1. Transactional service methods are intercepted by the TransactionInterceptor Aspect.
2. The TransactionIntreceptor delegates management to the JpaTransactionManager.
3. JpaTransactionManager binds the Spring transaction to an EntityManager.

Connection Acquisition and Closure

1. The JPA Transaction API uses the EntityManager Transaction API to initiate transactions.
2. Hibernate's Session uses JDBC Connection to manage transactions.
3. When the transaction concludes (commit/rollback), the JdbcTransaction closes.
4. This triggers Hibernate Session closure and the JDBC connection closure.
5. The connection pool returns the connection to the pool.

Connection Pooling

Connections returned to the pool are managed by the connection pooling DataSource. The JDBC connection itself is a proxy that intercepts close calls and delegates them to the connection pool, preventing physical database connection termination.

RESOURCE_LOCAL Transactions

For RESOURCE_LOCAL transactions, consider setting the hibernate.connection.provider_disables_autocommit property to ensure that database connections are lazily acquired when needed to prevent autocommit issues due to disabled autocommit in the connection pool.

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