**Why Am I Getting the \'ERROR: SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it\' Error in PHP?**

“ERROR: SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it” Explained

A 'PDOException' exception is thrown when the PHP Data Objects (PDO) extension encounters an error while interacting with a database. The error message, "SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it," indicates that PDO could not establish a connection to the database server.

This error typically occurs when the database server is not running or is not listening on the network port specified in the connection string. The most common cause is that the MySQL service on your WAMP server is not running.

How to resolve the issue

To resolve the issue, ensure that the MySQL service is running:

• Check the WAMP icon in your system tray:

  • If the icon is orange, one of the WAMP services is not running.
  • In particular, confirm that the MySQL service is running.

• Check the mysql log:

  • If the mysql log does not provide any helpful information, consult the Windows event log in the Windows -> Applications section. Error messages there can assist in identifying the cause of MySQL startup failure.

• Inspect external my.ini files:

  • Sometimes, a my.ini file from a different installation can interfere with WAMP's MySQL service.
  • Search for 'my.ini' and 'my.cnf' files. If any are found outside of the wamp directory, delete them or rename them to prevent them from being used.

• Restart the MySQL service:

  • After addressing the potential causes, restart the MySQL service.

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