Here are a few title options, keeping in mind the question-and-answer format: Option 1 (Direct and Focused): * How can I integrate CMake into setuptools for Python extension building? Option 2 (Hig

Extending setuptools Extension for CMake Integration in setup.py

Background

When working with Python extensions that utilize C libraries and leverage CMake for compilation, the need arises to streamline the build process by integrating CMake into the setup.py extension building. This question explores the possibility of extending the setuptools extension mechanism to incorporate CMake as part of the build process.

Overriding the Build Process with CMakeExtension

The core concept behind achieving this integration is to override the setuptools build_ext command. This can be accomplished by creating a custom build_ext class that wraps the existing build_ext functionality and modifies it to invoke CMake for extension module compilation.

Additionally, a new extension class named CMakeExtension is introduced. This class initializes the extension with an empty source list, effectively disabling the default build_ext behavior for extensions that inherit from CMakeExtension.

Implementation

<code class="python">class CMakeExtension(Extension):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name, sources=[])

class build_ext(build_ext_orig):
    def run(self):
        for ext in self.extensions:
            self.build_cmake(ext)
        super().run()

    def build_cmake(self, ext):
        # Define CMake arguments and build arguments
        # Perform CMake configuration and build processes</code>

CMakeExtension Usage

<code class="python">setup(
    name='your_project_name',
    version='0.1',
    packages=['package_name'],
    ext_modules=[CMakeExtension('package_name.extension_module_name')],
    cmdclass={
        'build_ext': build_ext,
    }
)</code>

Conclusion

By extending the setuptools extension mechanism with CMakeExtension and overriding the build_ext command, it becomes possible to seamlessly integrate CMake into the extension building process, enabling efficient and automated compilation of C libraries for Python extensions.

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