How Can You Override Embedded Struct Methods in Golang?

Overriding Embedded Struct Methods in Golang

In Golang, when a struct embeds another struct (referred to as embedding), the embedded struct's fields and methods become directly accessible to the embedding struct. However, if the embedding struct redefines a method from the embedded struct, it can override the original method.

Consider the following code:

<code class="go">type Base struct {
    val int
}
func (b *Base) Set(i int) {
    b.val = i
}
type Sub struct {
    Base
    changed bool
}</code>

We have embedded Base into Sub. Now, if we try to access Base's Set method from Sub, it will be hidden by Sub's own Set method:

<code class="go">func t16() {
    s := &Sub{}
    // This calls Base's Set method
    s.Base.Set(1) 
    // This causes an error, as s.Set hides Base's Set
    s.Set(10) 
}</code>

To override this behavior, we can redefine Sub's Set method to call Base's Set method explicitly:

<code class="go">func (b *Sub) Set(i int) {
    b.Base.Set(i)
    b.changed = true
}</code>

Now, when we call s.Set(), it will invoke Base's Set method while still allowing us to track changes in Sub.

<code class="go">func t16() {
    s := &Sub{}
    // Calls Sub's overridden Set method
    s.Set(10) 
    fmt.Printf("%+v\n", s) // Output: {Base:{val:10} changed:true}
}</code>

This method allows you to override the embedded struct's methods while maintaining access to the original method through the embedded struct field.

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