Home > Backend Development > Golang > How can you optimize an 8-bit positional popcount algorithm using assembly, specifically by focusing on the inner loop and utilizing techniques like prefetching and scalar population counting?

How can you optimize an 8-bit positional popcount algorithm using assembly, specifically by focusing on the inner loop and utilizing techniques like prefetching and scalar population counting?

Patricia Arquette
Release: 2024-10-27 09:02:30
Original
1098 people have browsed it

How can you optimize an 8-bit positional popcount algorithm using assembly, specifically by focusing on the inner loop and utilizing techniques like prefetching and scalar population counting?

How to optimise this 8-bit positional popcount using assembly?

In the provided code, the function __mm_add_epi32_inplace_purego can be optimized using assembly to improve its performance. The inner loop in particular can be optimized for faster execution.

The provided algorithm for counting positional population is called a "positional population count." This algorithm is used in machine learning and involves counting the number of set bits in a series of bytes. In the given code, _mm_add_epi32_inplace_purego is called in two levels of loop, and the goal is to optimize the inner loop.

The provided code primarily works on an array of 8-bit integers called counts. The inner loop iterates over a byte slice, and for each byte, it adds the corresponding bit positions from an array of bit patterns (_expand_byte) to the counts array. The _expand_byte array contains bit patterns that expand each byte into its individual bits.

To optimize the inner loop using assembly, you need to keep the counters in general-purpose registers for better performance and prefetch memory well in advance to improve streaming behavior. You can also implement scalar population counting using a simple shift and add combination (SHRL/ADCL).

An example of optimized assembly code is provided below. This code is written for a specific processor architecture and may need to be modified to run on other systems.

<code class="assembly">#include "textflag.h"

// func PospopcntReg(counts *[8]int32, buf []byte)
TEXT ·PospopcntReg(SB),NOSPLIT,-32
    MOVQ counts+0(FP), DI
    MOVQ buf_base+8(FP), SI     // SI = &buf[0]
    MOVQ buf_len+16(FP), CX     // CX = len(buf)

    // load counts into register R8--R15
    MOVL 4*0(DI), R8
    MOVL 4*1(DI), R9
    MOVL 4*2(DI), R10
    MOVL 4*3(DI), R11
    MOVL 4*4(DI), R12
    MOVL 4*5(DI), R13
    MOVL 4*6(DI), R14
    MOVL 4*7(DI), R15

    SUBQ , CX            // pre-subtract 32 bit from CX
    JL scalar

vector: VMOVDQU (SI), Y0        // load 32 bytes from buf
    PREFETCHT0 384(SI)      // prefetch some data
    ADDQ , SI            // advance SI past them

    VPMOVMSKB Y0, AX        // move MSB of Y0 bytes to AX
    POPCNTL AX, AX          // count population of AX
    ADDL AX, R15            // add to counter
    VPADDD Y0, Y0, Y0       // shift Y0 left by one place

    VPMOVMSKB Y0, AX        // move MSB of Y0 bytes to AX
    POPCNTL AX, AX          // count population of AX
    ADDL AX, R14            // add to counter
    VPADDD Y0, Y0, Y0       // shift Y0 left by one place

    VPMOVMSKB Y0, AX        // move MSB of Y0 bytes to AX
    POPCNTL AX, AX          // count population of AX
    ADDL AX, R13            // add to counter
    VPADDD Y0, Y0, Y0       // shift Y0 left by one place

    VPMOVMSKB Y0, AX        // move MSB of Y0 bytes to AX
    POPCNTL AX, AX          // count population of AX
    ADDL AX, R12            // add to counter
    VPADDD Y0, Y0, Y0       // shift Y0 left by one place

    VPMOVMSKB Y0, AX        // move MSB of Y0 bytes to AX
    POPCNTL AX, AX          // count population of AX
    ADDL AX, R11            // add to counter
    VPADDD Y0, Y0, Y0       // shift Y0 left by one place

    VPMOVMSKB Y0, AX        // move MSB of Y0 bytes to AX
    POPCNTL AX, AX          // count population of AX
    ADDL AX, R10            // add to counter
    VPADDD Y0, Y0, Y0       // shift Y0 left by one place

    VPMOVMSKB Y0, AX        // move MSB of Y0 bytes to AX
    POPCNTL AX, AX          // count population of AX
    ADDL AX, R9         // add to counter
    VPADDD Y0, Y0, Y0       // shift Y0 left by one place

    VPMOVMSKB Y0, AX        // move MSB of Y0 bytes to AX
    POPCNTL AX, AX          // count population of AX
    ADDL AX, R8         // add to counter

    SUBQ , CX
    JGE vector          // repeat as long as bytes are left

scalar: ADDQ , CX            // undo last subtraction
    JE done             // if CX=0, there's nothing left

loop:   MOVBLZX (SI), AX        // load a byte from buf
    INCQ SI             // advance past it

    SHRL , AX         // CF=LSB, shift byte to the right
    ADCL , R8         // add CF to R8

    SHRL , AX
    ADCL , R9         // add CF to R9

    SHRL , AX
    ADCL , R10            // add CF to R10

    SHRL , AX
    ADCL , R11            // add CF to R11

    SHRL , AX
    ADCL , R12            // add CF to R12

    SHRL , AX
    ADCL , R13            // add CF to R13

    SHRL , AX
    ADCL , R14            // add CF to R14

    SHRL , AX
    ADCL , R15            // add CF to R15

    DECQ CX             // mark this byte as done
    JNE loop            // and proceed if any bytes are left

    // write R8--R15 back to counts
done:   MOVL R8, 4*0(DI)
    MOVL R9, 4*1(DI)
    MOVL R10, 4*2(DI)
    MOVL R11, 4*3(DI)
    MOVL R12, 4*4(DI)
    MOVL R13, 4*5(DI)
    MOVL R14, 4*6(DI)
    MOVL R15, 4*7(DI)

    VZEROUPPER          // restore SSE-compatibility
    RET</code>
Copy after login

In summary, the optimization involves using general-purpose registers for counters, prefetching memory in advance, and implementing scalar population counting using SHRL/ADCL. This approach can significantly improve the performance of the positional population count algorithm.

The above is the detailed content of How can you optimize an 8-bit positional popcount algorithm using assembly, specifically by focusing on the inner loop and utilizing techniques like prefetching and scalar population counting?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

source:php.cn
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Latest Articles by Author
Popular Tutorials
More>
Latest Downloads
More>
Web Effects
Website Source Code
Website Materials
Front End Template