Delving into the Differences between PDO's query() and execute() Methods
The query() and execute() methods in PHP's PDO extension both serve the purpose of executing SQL queries against a database. However, they differ in how they handle parameter handling and optimization.
Using query() vs. prepare() and execute()
In the first code example, query() is used directly without the use of prepare(). This method executes a standard SQL statement without any parameterized data.
In the second code example, prepare() is used to prepare a parameterized statement. A SQL query is passed to prepare(), and the result is a statement handle ($sth). The statement handle is then executed using the execute() method. The execute() method allows you to bind parameters to the prepared statement, avoiding the need to manually escape or quote the parameters.
Key Differences
Example of Prepared Statements
The provided code snippet demonstrates the use of prepared statements. It creates a statement handle, binds parameters to it, and executes it:
<code class="php">$sth = $dbh->prepare('SELECT name, colour, calories FROM fruit WHERE calories < :calories AND colour = :colour'); $sth->bindParam(':calories', $calories); $sth->bindParam(':colour', $colour); $sth->execute();</code>
Best Practice
For security and efficiency considerations, it is generally recommended to use prepare() and execute() for executing SQL statements in PHP. Prepared statements prevent SQL injection and improve query performance.
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