PDO in PHP: When Should You Use Query() vs. Execute()?

Understanding PDO's Query vs. Execute Methods

In PHP, PDO (PHP Data Objects) provides two methods for executing SQL queries: query() and execute(). While these methods may seem similar, there are some key differences between them.

Comparison of Query vs. Execute

Feature	query()	execute()
SQL statement execution	Executes standard SQL statement without parameterized data	Executes a prepared statement
Parameter handling	Does not allow prepared statements	Allows parameterized data, enhancing security
Performance	May be less efficient when queries are executed multiple times	More efficient for repeated queries

Example of Query

<code class="php">$sth = $db->query("SELECT * FROM table");
$result = $sth->fetchAll();</code>

Example of Execute

<code class="php">$sth = $db->prepare("SELECT * FROM table");
$sth->execute();
$result = $sth->fetchAll();</code>

Best Practice

For increased security and efficiency, it is recommended to use the prepare() and execute() methods with parameterized data for SQL queries. Prepared statements reduce the risk of SQL injection attacks by separating query logic from data, and they improve performance for repetitive queries.

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