How to efficiently convert int32 to string in Go?

Converting int32 to String in Go

It is convenient to convert int32 to string for various programming scenarios. In Go, there are multiple approaches to achieve this conversion.

The straightforward solution is to use fmt.Sprint(i), which utilizes the default format for int32 values. However, this method involves internal conversions, making it slower compared to other options.

Custom Conversion Function

For optimal performance, consider writing a custom conversion function:

func String(n int32) string {
    buf := [11]byte{}
    pos := len(buf)
    i := int64(n)
    signed := i < 0
    if signed {
        i = -i
    }
    for {
        pos--
        buf[pos], i = '0'+byte(i%10), i/10
        if i == 0 {
            if signed {
                pos--
                buf[pos] = '-'
            }
            return string(buf[pos:])
        }
    }
}

This function iteratively constructs the string representation of the int32 value, resulting in faster performance.

Using strconv.Itoa

Another option is to utilize strconv.Itoa(int(i)), which offers a faster approach compared to fmt.Sprint(i):

s := strconv.Itoa(int(i))

However, this method requires intermediate conversion from int32 to int.

Using strconv.FormatInt

Similar to strconv.Itoa, strconv.FormatInt(int64(i), 10) provides a performant solution for int32 to string conversion. It requires an intermediate conversion from int32 to int64, but offers improved performance over fmt.Sprint(i):

s := strconv.FormatInt(int64(i), 10)

Benchmark Comparison

Running benchmarks on these conversion methods reveals the performance differences:

String:      5.5923198s
String2:     5.5923199s
strconv.Itoa: 5.9763418s
strconv.FormatInt:  5.9133382s
fmt.Sprint:  13.5697761s

As evident from the results, the custom conversion function (String) and String2 offer the fastest conversion times.

Ultimately, the choice of conversion method depends on the specific performance requirements and complexity considerations of the application. For scenarios where speed is critical, the custom conversion function provides an optimal solution.

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