How to Manage Local and Production Settings in Django?

Managing Local and Production Settings in Django

One of the common challenges in Django development is managing settings differently for local development and production servers. While some settings can be shared, others, such as paths to static files, should vary.

Recommended Approach: Separate Setting Files

To effectively manage these differences, it is recommended to use separate setting files for local and production environments. One approach is:

1. Create a settings directory in your project root.

2. Within the settings directory, create the following files:

   • __init__.py: Initialize the settings package.
   • base.py: Store common settings applicable to both environments (e.g., MEDIA_ROOT, ADMIN).
   • local.py: Define local-specific settings (e.g., DEBUG=True, additional apps).
   • production.py: Define production-specific settings (e.g., DEBUG=False, additional apps).

For example, the base.py file might contain:

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    # Common apps...
)

And the local.py file might contain:

from project.settings.base import *

DEBUG = True
INSTALLED_APPS += (
    'debug_toolbar', # and other apps for local development
)

Setting the Environment at Runtime

To use the appropriate settings file, specify the --settings option when running Django commands:

• Local development:

  $ ./manage.py runserver 0:8000 --settings=project.settings.local

• Production server:

  $ ./manage.py shell --settings=project.settings.production

This approach allows you to maintain different settings for each environment while sharing common settings in the base.py file. It ensures that both environments have the necessary configurations, avoiding the need to manually copy or edit settings files.

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