How to Fix the \'General Error: 2006 MySQL Server Has Gone Away\' During Bulk Operations?

Resolving the "General Error: 2006 MySQL Server Has Gone Away" Issue

When performing bulk operations, such as inserting hundreds of records into a MySQL database, you may encounter the following error:

[PDOException] SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 2006 MySQL server has gone away

This error typically arises due to a timeout issue where the MySQL server disconnects your connection after a set period of inactivity. To resolve this issue, focus on adjusting two primary settings:

1. wait_timeout

The wait_timeout setting determines the duration (in seconds) that MySQL will wait before terminating an inactive connection. By default, this value is set to a relatively low 30 seconds on shared hosting environments.

To increase the wait_timeout, issue the following query at the start of your operation:

SET session wait_timeout=28800;

This command sets the wait_timeout to 28800 seconds, which is approximately 8 hours.

2. interactive_timeout (Optional)

In some cases, you might also need to adjust the interactive_timeout setting. This setting specifies the number of seconds before MySQL terminates an interactive connection.

To modify interactive_timeout, execute the following query after adjusting wait_timeout:

SET session interactive_timeout=28800;

Verification

To confirm that the settings have been successfully modified, you can execute the following query before and after making the changes:

<code class="php">$results = $db->query("SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%timeout%'", TRUE);</code>

Cautions

While increasing the timeout settings can resolve the immediate issue, it's important to consider the following:

• Setting wait_timeout to a very high value (e.g., 8 hours) may lead to excessive waiting for idle connections.
• It's generally recommended to keep wait_timeout within a reasonable range, such as 300 seconds.

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