How can I inject Spring dependencies (like JPA repositories) into JavaFX lifecycle methods?

Adding Spring Dependency Injection to JavaFX: JPA Repository and Services

The Problem

JavaFX applications have predefined lifecycle hooks (init(), start(), and stop()) for managing application initialization and lifecycle events. However, injecting Spring dependencies (such as JPA repositories) directly into these methods may not work. This is because JavaFX isolates its lifecycle methods from the Spring application context.

Dependency Injection Options

Option 1: Use a Spring Boot Application

Consider converting your JavaFX application to a Spring Boot application. This provides full integration with the Spring framework, including dependency injection, JPA repositories, and other Spring facilities.

Option 2: Manual Dependency Injection

1. Integration via JavaFXMLLoader

Use the setControllerFactory method on FXMLLoader to allow Spring to instantiate FXML controllers and inject Spring dependencies:

<code class="java">fxmlLoader.setControllerFactory(springContext::getBean);</code>

Annotate your JavaFX controllers with @Component and @Autowired Spring annotations to receive dependencies:

<code class="java">@Component
@Scope("prototype")
public class DemoController {

    @FXML
    private Label usernameLabel;

    @Autowired
    public SpringService mySpringService;

    ...
}</code>

2. Injecting into JavaFX Application Class

If you want to inject Spring beans into the JavaFX application class:

<code class="java">springContext
    .getAutowireCapableBeanFactory()
    .autowireBeanProperties(
        this,
        AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE,
        true
    );</code>

Separation of Concerns

To maintain separation of concerns, it's recommended to separate the Spring Boot application from the JavaFX application. Run the Spring Boot application to initialize the Spring context and pass it to the JavaFX application.

Passing Command Line Arguments from JavaFX to SpringBoot

Use the getParameters().getRaw().toArray(new String[0]) method to pass arguments from JavaFX to Spring Boot.

Additional Notes

• The @Controller annotation can be used for JavaFX controllers, but it's recommended to use @Component for clearer separation of concerns.
• @Scope("prototype") is used to create a new controller instance for each FXML view object.
• For more detailed information, refer to the provided links in the answer box.

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