How to Handle PDO Exceptions in PHP and Prevent \'Null\' Status?

Handling PDO Exceptions

When working with PDO in PHP, handling errors can be crucial for debugging and ensuring data integrity. However, the code you provided does not handle errors correctly, leading to the "null" status and unreported errors.

The critical issue is that PDO does not throw exceptions by default. To enable exception handling, you must explicitly set the error mode attribute:

$connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

Once the error mode is set, the catch block can capture and display the detailed error message:

try {
    // ... your code here ...
} catch (PDOException $e) {
    print $e->getMessage();
}

In addition to setting the error mode, your code should utilize bind parameters with the appropriate data types for security and compatibility:

$statement->bindParam(':user_id', trim($id), PDO::PARAM_INT);
$statement->bindParam(':name', trim($name), PDO::PARAM_STR);
$statement->bindParam(':url', trim($url), PDO::PARAM_STR);
$statement->bindParam(':country', trim($country), PDO::PARAM_STR, 2);

With proper exception handling and correct data types, your code should now execute and return the correct status upon success or failure.

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