How to Recursively Copy Directory Contents in PHP?

Copying Directory Contents with PHP

Copying the entire contents of a directory to another location in PHP can be a straightforward task, but running into issues like stream not found error can be frustrating. To avoid this, a more explicit approach is required.

To overcome the limitations of using wildcards in the copy() function, a recursive function named recurseCopy() can be employed. This function allows for the replication of multi-level directory structures and their contents.

The recurseCopy() function takes three parameters:

• $sourceDirectory: The source directory to be copied
• $destinationDirectory: The destination directory to hold the copied contents
• $childFolder (optional): A folder name under the $destinationDirectory to organize the copied files (used during recursion)

The function iterates through the files and subdirectories of the source directory. If a file is encountered, it is directly copied to the destination directory. If a subdirectory is found, the function recursively calls itself to copy its contents into the corresponding subdirectory under the destination directory.

Here's a sample PHP code that utilizes the recurseCopy() function:

<code class="php">function recurseCopy(string $sourceDirectory, string $destinationDirectory, string $childFolder = ''): void {
    $directory = opendir($sourceDirectory);

    if (is_dir($destinationDirectory) === false) {
        mkdir($destinationDirectory);
    }

    if ($childFolder !== '') {
        if (is_dir("$destinationDirectory/$childFolder") === false) {
            mkdir("$destinationDirectory/$childFolder");
        }

        while (($file = readdir($directory)) !== false) {
            if ($file === '.' || $file === '..') {
                continue;
            }

            if (is_dir("$sourceDirectory/$file") === true) {
                recurseCopy("$sourceDirectory/$file", "$destinationDirectory/$childFolder/$file");
            } else {
                copy("$sourceDirectory/$file", "$destinationDirectory/$childFolder/$file");
            }
        }

        closedir($directory);

        return;
    }

    while (($file = readdir($directory)) !== false) {
        if ($file === '.' || $file === '..') {
            continue;
        }

        if (is_dir("$sourceDirectory/$file") === true) {
            recurseCopy("$sourceDirectory/$file", "$destinationDirectory/$file");
        }
        else {
            copy("$sourceDirectory/$file", "$destinationDirectory/$file");
        }
    }

    closedir($directory);
}

$sourceDirectory = 'my_source_dir';
$destinationDirectory = 'my_destination_dir';

recurseCopy($sourceDirectory, $destinationDirectory);</code>

This code will recursively copy the contents of the my_source_dir directory to the my_destination_dir directory, preserving the directory structure and file contents.

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