How to Exclude Go Source Files Based on Architecture During Compilation?

How to Exclude Go Source Files by Architecture When Compiling

Problem:

When compiling a Go program with multiple packages, you may encounter errors if some packages contain dependencies (e.g., CGo) that are only applicable to specific architectures. In such cases, you may want to exclude such files during compilation for non-target architectures.

Solution:

Build constraints in Go provide a way to conditionally include or exclude source files based on various conditions, including the target architecture. Here's how to use them:

• Add Build Constraint to Files:

  At the top of the source file you want to exclude, add a comment line starting with // build. Following this directive, specify the conditions under which the file should be compiled. For example, to exclude a file for all architectures except Linux:

  // +build !linux

  To exclude a file for all architectures except 386:

  // +build !386

  To exclude a file when CGo is enabled:

  // +build !cgo

• Use File Naming Convention:

  Alternatively, you can use the file naming convention to specify build constraints. For instance, naming a file package_linux.go will cause it to be included only when building for Linux.

Example:

Consider the following directory structure:

- main.go
- linux.go
- windows.go

• main.go is the main Go file.
• linux.go contains code for Linux only.
• windows.go contains code for Windows only.

To compile the program for Linux, add the following build constraint to linux.go:

// +build linux

To compile the program for Windows, add the following build constraint to windows.go:

// +build windows

By using build constraints, you can ensure that only the necessary code is included during compilation for different architectures, thus resolving the issue of attempting to compile architecture-specific files on non-target platforms.

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