How to Generate Random Numbers with Decimal Precision in C ?

Generating Random Numbers with Decimal Precision in C

Random number generation is an essential tool in various programming applications. In C , there are several ways to generate random numbers, but the most straightforward approach for generating doubles with a specific format is through the std::uniform_real_distribution class.

To generate random double numbers within a specified interval, we can use the following steps:

1. Include the Necessary Header: Include header file in the source code.
2. Define Boundaries: Determine the lower and upper bounds of the interval from which we want to generate random numbers.
3. Initialize Random Engine: Instantiate an instance of std::default_random_engine to generate a stream of random values.
4. Create Uniform Distribution: Create an object of std::uniform_real_distribution with specified boundaries as arguments.
5. Generate Random Double: Invoke the operator() of the distribution object using the random engine to produce a random double within the interval.

<code class="cpp">#include <random>

int main() {
    double lower_bound = 0;
    double upper_bound = 10000;
    std::uniform_real_distribution<double> unif(lower_bound, upper_bound);
    std::default_random_engine re;
    double a_random_double = unif(re);

    return 0;
}</code>

This code snippet generates a random double between 0 and 10000 with decimal precision, which meets the requirements of the question. For additional information, refer to John D. Cook's article on "Random number generation using C TR1" or Stroustrup's guide on "Random number generation."

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