How to Test HTTP Servers with Live Requests in Go?

Testing HTTP Servers with Live Requests in Go

Unit testing handlers in isolation is essential, but can overlook the effects of routing and other middleware. For a comprehensive test, consider using a "live server" approach.

Live Server Testing with httptest.Server

The net/http/httptest.Server type facilitates live server testing. It creates a server using the provided handler (in this case, a Gorilla mux router). Here's an example:

<code class="go">func TestIndex(t *testing.T) {
  // Create server using the router initialized elsewhere.
  ts := httptest.NewServer(router)
  defer ts.Close()

  newreq := func(method, url string, body io.Reader) *http.Request {
    r, err := http.NewRequest(method, url, body)
    if err != nil {
        t.Fatal(err)
    }
    return r
  }

  tests := []struct {
    name string
    r    *http.Request
  }{
    // Test GET and POST requests.
    {name: "1: testing get", r: newreq("GET", ts.URL+"/", nil)},
    {name: "2: testing post", r: newreq("POST", ts.URL+"/", nil)}, // reader argument required for POST
  }
  for _, tt := range tests {
    t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
        resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(tt.r)
        defer resp.Body.Close()
        if err != nil {
            t.Fatal(err)
        }
        // check for expected response here.
    })
  }
}</code>

Note that httptest.Server can be used to test any handler that satisfies the http.Handler interface, not just Gorilla mux.

Considerations

While live server testing provides a more realistic test, it can also be slower and more resource-intensive than unit testing. Consider a combination of unit and integration testing for a comprehensive testing strategy.

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